While it most likely is the case that no woman wrote any of the Bible, the fact is no one knows who the authors and editors were who wrote most of it.
bigdyterminatorsays
Probably more duets the fact that the folks who did write it wanted women silent. Best way to do that is to keep women illiterate.
Maureen Briansays
It ain’t necessarily so, PZ!
I have a book which makes the case for whole chunks of Genesis, Exodus and Numbers being edited and (re)written by a female scribe known as J. I don’t know whether there’s anything in that theory but perhaps Owlmirror does. Here’s the link – http://www.amazon.com/The-Book-J-Harold-Bloom/dp/0802141919
Oh, damn! Now that will upset a whole different set of people.
Sastrasays
Ah, I can’t remember which popular Biblical scholar(Bart Ehrman?) proposed that the author of one of the histories of the disciples (John?) was a woman — but I read a book which did indeed propose such a thing, backing it up of course with evidence from the text. Probably speculative and dicey, but it’s out there.
No Onesays
Well there is the gospel according to Mary, which didn’t make the cut.
aelfricsays
To follow up on rturpin, though a decided atheist, I am also a bible nerd (don’t ask). And I thought I should point out that the J-source of the pentateuch (one of the threads woven together to create the first five books of the bible) is sometimes thought to have been a woman. Not to mess up a good quote.
Randel McCraw Helms argues in Who Wrote the Gospels? that the author of Luke was a woman. His thesis has not carried the day among his colleagues, but he did put it out there.
Can’t speak for or against the J-source; but I think pretty good candidates for a woman’s authorship would be several of the poems in the Song of Songs, as they’re narrated from a woman’s point of view.
Yes, thanks, that was it. I read Helms’ Who Wrote the Gospels many moons ago.
ravensays
People make the case that Luke might have been written by a woman.
It wasn’t written by Luke which is just a name assigned to it long after the fact.
It is claimed to be the most woman friendly of the gospels.
nrdosays
If you look at other periods during which women were formally suppressed in a particular field, there have often been a few who broke the mold and participated under pseudonyms. Also, though I’m not a historian, I believe that the prevailing theory is that the Old Testament was written several centuries after the primitive goat-herding days it purports to describe, a point at which the Israelites were literacy was (relatively) more widespread.
nrdosays
*a point at which literacy was more widespread among the Israelites. [apologies for the word salad]
Well, because chattel don’t write. That would be like a “stupid pet trick”.
robrosays
Interesting assertion…how do we know that? Certainly no woman’s name is ascribed as author of any of the books, but we really don’t know who any of the authors were and we know even less about the provenience of the sources the books were derived from.
Of course, it’s a reasonable assumption that few women would have been able to write, even very few men could write until modern times, but some women did learn and were in the position to do so.
One writer I read in the last few years made a case that the author of Luke may have been a woman. His case isn’t strong, as he admitted, but he suggests that because men (including physicians) in that era had nothing to do with child birth, no man would know about “the quickening” that Mary experiences. I think that it was Randel Helms in Who Wrote the Gospels and he may have found other textual reasons to suspect a woman behind the story.
As for the “[not] even on line” claim, it’s possible that some of the snippets of stories incorporated into some of the books could have been derived from women’s stories. After all, women are story tellers, too, and many societies have traditions of women’s stories alongside the men’s stories.
robrosays
nrdo
*a point at which literacy was more widespread among the Israelites. [apologies for the word salad]
Who are these Israelites you refer to? Niels Lempche implies that evidence of writing is so rare in Palestine until very late in the Hellenistic period that it might be a mistake to speak of “literate Israelites,” if you mean whatever people lived in the brief little principality referred to as Israel or the House of Omri in Moabite, Egyptian, and Assyrian texts.
Thomas Thompson makes the point that the Assyrians were the first big promoters of literacy in the ancient world. Indeed, their libraries are a treasure trove of ancient stories…the source for the Epic of Gilgamesh no less…as well as a lot of mundane record keeping. The first writers were apparently CPAs after all.
Rey Foxsays
Pharyngula is a Well Actually Chamber. I love it.
Argle Barglesays
I was under the impression that a good bit of the Torah was written during the Babylonian Capitivity about 2500 years ago.
anchorsays
“the fact is no one knows who the authors and editors were who wrote most of it.”
I’ll bet anything you like that humans wrote the whole of it.
postmansays
I came here expecting hard chairs and I get a stupid quote. That’s the real misandry!! (My PC doesn’t recognize misandry as a real thing. Another horrible discrimination.)
@14: Not a terribly high bar I would think.
crocodocsays
Nice punchline. But, since when do we know any of the authors? And from an economic point of view, wouldn’t it have been cheaper to have the book written by women? They are half the price.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001says
If there is any part of the Babble that I’d accept without qualms as being written by a woman (or perhaps being a male scribe writing town a woman’s oral history), it is the book of Ruth. Partly for tone reasons, though of course that could be the translation.
Jeffrey L. Whitledgesays
“…even one line…” I am not sure where this comes from. Although none of the authorship is certain, there are many parts of the Bible that are ascribed to women. There are the songs of Miriam and Deborah, for example. Even before textual criticism began analyzing the texts, the notion that each book was written by a single author was never an opinion of informed Biblical scholars.
Sure its possible that the things ascribed to women were not actually written by women, but neither informed believers or informed unbelievers could assert with confidence that none of it was.
unclefrogysays
while it may be interesting who wrote the bible in whole or in part
it is still mythological no different than any other mythology. The bible may have retained some of its historical connections most of the others have lost any historical connection they may once have had.. that does in no way alter the fact that they are all fiction
uncle frogy
Jeffrey L. Whitledgesays
Regarding scientists writing the Bible:
Yeah, they didn’t. But the apocryphal additions to the book of Daniel do contain an excellent skeptical investigation. Those Catholics who believe in bleeding statues would do well to read their book.
A person of authority didn’t have to be literate, only to dictate to a literate scribe.
The Old Testament was written by people who rose to ascendancy in their region and invented a history of conquest to justify their possession of the land.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001says
Fun fact: the book of Ruth is the only non-goddist book of the Babble.
I know lots of Babble trivia. Once upon a time I was an elder of the Presbyterian Church. Ordained and everything!
Then I grew up and got over that.
JohnnieCanucksays
@32:
And got better!
CJOsays
Fun fact: the book of Ruth is the only non-goddist book of the Babble.
You’re thinking of Esther. The Song of Songs also does not mention any name of God, but Esther stands out among the narrative texts as the only one with no apparent interest in relating any actions or words of God.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001says
Whups, you’re right there.
However, I’d peg Ruth’s “your god is my god” speech as being less “yay god he’s awesome” and more “Naomi, you’re super important to me.”
YMMV.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001says
Song of Songs is also low-grade smut. I really love reading apologetics about it that cast it as “really” about the relationship of Jebus and the church.
So…Jebus wants to bone the church? NIFTY.
A. Rsays
Given the span of time the Babble and some individual books were written over, and the number of times the Babble was copied, transcribed, and translated, I’m not willing to say that anyone did or did not write even a single word or the Babble. The fucking thing is too old.
cassandrosays
Proverbs 31 y’all.
nrdosays
@ robro Perhaps Israelites is a misnomer, I was referring to the people who lived in Palestine post-exile; later than 500BCE. Obviously though, people at that time probably didn’t invent the stories out of whole-cloth. They presumably had oral stories from Babylonia and “ancient” Israel that they drew on for source material.
Usernames are smartsays
Maybe a technicality, but the fragments of Genesis 12:11-20 and 20:1-13 (where Abram/Abraham has a brain fart and suddenly tries to pass his wife off as his sister, who the Pharaoh then sleeps with) possibly allude to an earlier belief where a King gained his power from sleeping with a High Priestess/Shaman.
Remember that before Judaism, there were several quite strong matriarchal religions, which is where we get the Venus of Willendorf, etc.
jagwiredsays
This post is complete crap! I’m no expert, but I do like to dabble in Old Testament Bible history. I think there’s plenty of evidence to suggest a great many of the books in the Catholic/Eastern Orthodox Old Testament are attributable to one or more female authors. (I’m leaning towards one.) Here’s a list of some of the more obvious books:
Sorry to pile on, but speaking as an atheist, this post is just embarrassing. You’re passing off a statement as fact while you have no real evidence whether it’s true or not. Isn’t that the kind of thing you would hold against a Christian?
And you call yourself a scientist!
-Lance Link
playonwordssays
FFS could the literalists please take a step back and enjoy the joke as a joke!
Given that much of what we read started as oral tradition, was copied by many hands, edited, compiled, rewritten, copied again into different languages, got input from other oral traditions, censored for the benefit of kings, edited again, worked over and all that before the Christians got hold of it – we cannot possibly talk of male and female voices.
UnknownEric the Apostatesays
I don’t know about the Bibble, but my great-uncle Tom wrote “Here I sit, broken hearted / Paid a dime, but only farted.”
anuransays
We don’t know who wrote the Torah, the Gospels or most of the writings attributed to Paul. Don’t know if they were male, female, mutant, hermaphrodite or space-alien. But if we grant there’s a chance that whoever wrote various books had some connection with the named author there’s always the Gospel of Mary Magdala
Boris Veytsmansays
PZ, I was taught that the oldest lines in the Bible are in the Deborah’s hymn, and were written by Deborah – obviously a woman.
jagwiredsays
FFS could the literalists please take a step back and enjoy the joke as a joke!
Given that much of what we read started as oral tradition, was copied by many hands, edited, compiled, rewritten, copied again into different languages, got input from other oral traditions, censored for the benefit of kings, edited again, worked over and all that before the Christians got hold of it – we cannot possibly talk of male and female voices.
If some of this is directed at me, I’d like to point out that I was joking back at the joke. Maybe I was a little too obscure.
magistramarla says
Hmmmm Could this mean that women have always been more intelligent, logical and pragmatic than men?
No, that would really be misandry.
Bwahahahah!
rturpin says
While it most likely is the case that no woman wrote any of the Bible, the fact is no one knows who the authors and editors were who wrote most of it.
bigdyterminator says
Probably more duets the fact that the folks who did write it wanted women silent. Best way to do that is to keep women illiterate.
Maureen Brian says
It ain’t necessarily so, PZ!
I have a book which makes the case for whole chunks of Genesis, Exodus and Numbers being edited and (re)written by a female scribe known as J. I don’t know whether there’s anything in that theory but perhaps Owlmirror does. Here’s the link – http://www.amazon.com/The-Book-J-Harold-Bloom/dp/0802141919
Oh, damn! Now that will upset a whole different set of people.
Sastra says
Ah, I can’t remember which popular Biblical scholar(Bart Ehrman?) proposed that the author of one of the histories of the disciples (John?) was a woman — but I read a book which did indeed propose such a thing, backing it up of course with evidence from the text. Probably speculative and dicey, but it’s out there.
No One says
Well there is the gospel according to Mary, which didn’t make the cut.
aelfric says
To follow up on rturpin, though a decided atheist, I am also a bible nerd (don’t ask). And I thought I should point out that the J-source of the pentateuch (one of the threads woven together to create the first five books of the bible) is sometimes thought to have been a woman. Not to mess up a good quote.
Zeno says
Randel McCraw Helms argues in Who Wrote the Gospels? that the author of Luke was a woman. His thesis has not carried the day among his colleagues, but he did put it out there.
aaronbaker says
Can’t speak for or against the J-source; but I think pretty good candidates for a woman’s authorship would be several of the poems in the Song of Songs, as they’re narrated from a woman’s point of view.
keithb says
Hebrews is up for grabs. I suggest Priscilla.
No One says
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Mary
http://gnosis.org/library/marygosp.htm
Jackie, Ms. Paper if ya nasty says
Well, there’s that.
Sastra says
@Zeno #8:
Yes, thanks, that was it. I read Helms’ Who Wrote the Gospels many moons ago.
raven says
People make the case that Luke might have been written by a woman.
It wasn’t written by Luke which is just a name assigned to it long after the fact.
It is claimed to be the most woman friendly of the gospels.
nrdo says
If you look at other periods during which women were formally suppressed in a particular field, there have often been a few who broke the mold and participated under pseudonyms. Also, though I’m not a historian, I believe that the prevailing theory is that the Old Testament was written several centuries after the primitive goat-herding days it purports to describe, a point at which the Israelites were literacy was (relatively) more widespread.
nrdo says
*a point at which literacy was more widespread among the Israelites. [apologies for the word salad]
Reginald Selkirk says
North Carolina Governor Brings Cookies to Protesters of New Abortion Law
Rey Fox says
OMG TEH ECHO CHAMBUR
Kevin says
Well, because chattel don’t write. That would be like a “stupid pet trick”.
robro says
Interesting assertion…how do we know that? Certainly no woman’s name is ascribed as author of any of the books, but we really don’t know who any of the authors were and we know even less about the provenience of the sources the books were derived from.
Of course, it’s a reasonable assumption that few women would have been able to write, even very few men could write until modern times, but some women did learn and were in the position to do so.
One writer I read in the last few years made a case that the author of Luke may have been a woman. His case isn’t strong, as he admitted, but he suggests that because men (including physicians) in that era had nothing to do with child birth, no man would know about “the quickening” that Mary experiences. I think that it was Randel Helms in Who Wrote the Gospels and he may have found other textual reasons to suspect a woman behind the story.
As for the “[not] even on line” claim, it’s possible that some of the snippets of stories incorporated into some of the books could have been derived from women’s stories. After all, women are story tellers, too, and many societies have traditions of women’s stories alongside the men’s stories.
robro says
nrdo
Who are these Israelites you refer to? Niels Lempche implies that evidence of writing is so rare in Palestine until very late in the Hellenistic period that it might be a mistake to speak of “literate Israelites,” if you mean whatever people lived in the brief little principality referred to as Israel or the House of Omri in Moabite, Egyptian, and Assyrian texts.
Thomas Thompson makes the point that the Assyrians were the first big promoters of literacy in the ancient world. Indeed, their libraries are a treasure trove of ancient stories…the source for the Epic of Gilgamesh no less…as well as a lot of mundane record keeping. The first writers were apparently CPAs after all.
Rey Fox says
Pharyngula is a Well Actually Chamber. I love it.
Argle Bargle says
I was under the impression that a good bit of the Torah was written during the Babylonian Capitivity about 2500 years ago.
anchor says
“the fact is no one knows who the authors and editors were who wrote most of it.”
I’ll bet anything you like that humans wrote the whole of it.
postman says
I came here expecting hard chairs and I get a stupid quote. That’s the real misandry!! (My PC doesn’t recognize misandry as a real thing. Another horrible discrimination.)
@14: Not a terribly high bar I would think.
crocodoc says
Nice punchline. But, since when do we know any of the authors? And from an economic point of view, wouldn’t it have been cheaper to have the book written by women? They are half the price.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001 says
If there is any part of the Babble that I’d accept without qualms as being written by a woman (or perhaps being a male scribe writing town a woman’s oral history), it is the book of Ruth. Partly for tone reasons, though of course that could be the translation.
Jeffrey L. Whitledge says
“…even one line…” I am not sure where this comes from. Although none of the authorship is certain, there are many parts of the Bible that are ascribed to women. There are the songs of Miriam and Deborah, for example. Even before textual criticism began analyzing the texts, the notion that each book was written by a single author was never an opinion of informed Biblical scholars.
Sure its possible that the things ascribed to women were not actually written by women, but neither informed believers or informed unbelievers could assert with confidence that none of it was.
unclefrogy says
while it may be interesting who wrote the bible in whole or in part
it is still mythological no different than any other mythology. The bible may have retained some of its historical connections most of the others have lost any historical connection they may once have had.. that does in no way alter the fact that they are all fiction
uncle frogy
Jeffrey L. Whitledge says
Regarding scientists writing the Bible:
Yeah, they didn’t. But the apocryphal additions to the book of Daniel do contain an excellent skeptical investigation. Those Catholics who believe in bleeding statues would do well to read their book.
Markita Lynda—threadrupt says
A person of authority didn’t have to be literate, only to dictate to a literate scribe.
The Old Testament was written by people who rose to ascendancy in their region and invented a history of conquest to justify their possession of the land.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001 says
Fun fact: the book of Ruth is the only non-goddist book of the Babble.
I know lots of Babble trivia. Once upon a time I was an elder of the Presbyterian Church. Ordained and everything!
Then I grew up and got over that.
JohnnieCanuck says
@32:
And got better!
CJO says
Fun fact: the book of Ruth is the only non-goddist book of the Babble.
You’re thinking of Esther. The Song of Songs also does not mention any name of God, but Esther stands out among the narrative texts as the only one with no apparent interest in relating any actions or words of God.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001 says
Whups, you’re right there.
However, I’d peg Ruth’s “your god is my god” speech as being less “yay god he’s awesome” and more “Naomi, you’re super important to me.”
YMMV.
Esteleth, statistically significant to p ≤ 0.001 says
Song of Songs is also low-grade smut. I really love reading apologetics about it that cast it as “really” about the relationship of Jebus and the church.
So…Jebus wants to bone the church? NIFTY.
A. R says
Given the span of time the Babble and some individual books were written over, and the number of times the Babble was copied, transcribed, and translated, I’m not willing to say that anyone did or did not write even a single word or the Babble. The fucking thing is too old.
cassandro says
Proverbs 31 y’all.
nrdo says
@ robro Perhaps Israelites is a misnomer, I was referring to the people who lived in Palestine post-exile; later than 500BCE. Obviously though, people at that time probably didn’t invent the stories out of whole-cloth. They presumably had oral stories from Babylonia and “ancient” Israel that they drew on for source material.
Usernames are smart says
Maybe a technicality, but the fragments of Genesis 12:11-20 and 20:1-13 (where Abram/Abraham has a brain fart and suddenly tries to pass his wife off as his sister, who the Pharaoh then sleeps with) possibly allude to an earlier belief where a King gained his power from sleeping with a High Priestess/Shaman.
Remember that before Judaism, there were several quite strong matriarchal religions, which is where we get the Venus of Willendorf, etc.
jagwired says
This post is complete crap! I’m no expert, but I do like to dabble in Old Testament Bible history. I think there’s plenty of evidence to suggest a great many of the books in the Catholic/Eastern Orthodox Old Testament are attributable to one or more female authors. (I’m leaning towards one.) Here’s a list of some of the more obvious books:
Judith
Kings 1st (maybe 2nd)
Ruth
Obadiah
Wisdom
Lamentations
Isaiah
Nahum
Genesis (some portions)
If you look at these books close enough, I think you’ll see a certain magical style in each that suggest only one female author.
sc_4a317115d325303b9eecf328f10ae484 says
Sorry to pile on, but speaking as an atheist, this post is just embarrassing. You’re passing off a statement as fact while you have no real evidence whether it’s true or not. Isn’t that the kind of thing you would hold against a Christian?
And you call yourself a scientist!
-Lance Link
playonwords says
FFS could the literalists please take a step back and enjoy the joke as a joke!
Given that much of what we read started as oral tradition, was copied by many hands, edited, compiled, rewritten, copied again into different languages, got input from other oral traditions, censored for the benefit of kings, edited again, worked over and all that before the Christians got hold of it – we cannot possibly talk of male and female voices.
UnknownEric the Apostate says
I don’t know about the Bibble, but my great-uncle Tom wrote “Here I sit, broken hearted / Paid a dime, but only farted.”
anuran says
We don’t know who wrote the Torah, the Gospels or most of the writings attributed to Paul. Don’t know if they were male, female, mutant, hermaphrodite or space-alien. But if we grant there’s a chance that whoever wrote various books had some connection with the named author there’s always the Gospel of Mary Magdala
Boris Veytsman says
PZ, I was taught that the oldest lines in the Bible are in the Deborah’s hymn, and were written by Deborah – obviously a woman.
jagwired says
If some of this is directed at me, I’d like to point out that I was joking back at the joke. Maybe I was a little too obscure.