Elon Musk is a terrible human being


elon-musk-mars-plan

He’s very concerned about World War III…but not because of the horrific loss of life or the destruction of civilization, but because it might set back plans to colonize Mars. Therefore, we have to hurry up and get humankind into space before we blow ourselves up.

I don’t think we can discount the possibility of a third World War. You know, in 1912 they were proclaiming a new age of peace and prosperity, saying that it was a golden age, war was over. And then you had World War I followed by World War II followed by the Cold War. So I think we need to acknowledge that there’s certainly a possibility of a third World War, and if that does occur it could be far worse than anything that’s happened before. Let’s say nuclear weapons are used. I mean, there could be a very powerful social movement that’s anti-technology.

I agree that there’s a possibility of a cataclysmic war that would be far worse than anything that’s happened before. So, maybe, we should be concerned about, oh, I don’t know, stopping it? Working to change all the conditions that are leading us to this horrible eventuality, like over population, religious fanaticism, economic inequities, climate change, ignorance, disease?

I can’t help but notice that the Musk Plan is to help an infinitesimal fraction of the population run away, while the bloody big war goes off anyway, wiping out a big chunk of the human species and wrecking a significant portion of the wonderful planet we’ve got right now, all so a few survivors can live in sterile boxes on an otherwise uninhabitable barren wasteland, a planet with no breathable atmosphere. It seems to me that one underpaid social worker is doing more to help humanity than one multibillionaire egomaniac with tunnel vision.

And say, hasn’t Musk proposed setting off nuclear bombs to terraform Mars? I think he needs to imagine a future in which Christian theocrats take total control of the entire technological apparatus of the Western world, the same technology he hopes to use to send his tiny cohort of techno-salvationists to Mars to build a small, fragile colony, and they then slip a small explosive surprise into the next supply package. Or they just decide that they don’t want to support a distant heretical abomination. (There are Christians who oppose the idea of life on other worlds because Jesus is only coming to Earth, you know).

I should also point out that there could also be a social movement that is not anti-technology, but is anti-plutocrat-abusing-technology-to-neglect-humanity, which would be far more damaging to Musk’s selfish and short-sighted aspirations. That’s probably Musk’s worst nightmare, that the grown-ups would wake up and take his toys away.

Comments

  1. iiandyiiii says

    I might be missing something, but I don’t see anything in the linked article that warrants calling Musk a “terrible human being”. His ideas might be loony — especially nuking Mars — but that doesn’t qualify, in my opinion. It seems perfectly possible and reasonable, to me, to advocate for exploring or even colonizing Mars while still supporting a fight against climate change, wars, intolerance, ignorance, etc.

  2. says

    I wonder if Musk isn’t like some other space exploration advocates, and has the idea running in his head that the problem is simply that we’re not spending enough money on it. That all we have to do is spend enough money and the answers to the problems of manned space exploration will quickly appear. Unfortunately that idea is naïve. Just look at nuclear fusion power, where we’ve thrown hundreds of billions of dollars into the pot, yet we still haven’t had that imminent breakthrough that’s been imminent for decades.

  3. says

    PZ, I think you are presenting a false dichotomy. Musk doesn’t say people shouldn’t try to make the world better, or that he isn’t interested in using any of his wealth to help prevent a cataclysm. (On the contrary, he is using it for exactly that purpose.) He just also wants to get humanity into space. That may or may not be a realistic ambition at this time, but I don’t see why you think it’s evil. There’s no contradiction between that and good works of whatever kind.

  4. paganeng says

    On a larger scale, I distrust the privatization of space exploration. Most of the enthusiasm, IMHO, stems from Ayn Rand like Science Fiction read by adolescent boys with no sexual outlet. Nerds, please don’t be offended. I was also describing myself until I began to develop some critical thinking skills.
    Cheers

  5. Nemo says

    @timgueguen #3: I’m not seeing the analogy. It’s not like people have been trying to colonize Mars, and failing.

  6. Steven says

    I really don’t get this post. Can humanity only do one thing at once? Has Musk said something at some other time that already made you hate him?

  7. whywhywhy says

    @1 Well the terribleness probably has something to do with:
    World War III has occurred with massive loss of human life and destruction of a fair portion of the planet which is the best ‘space ship’ for human existence. What is Musk’s only concern? That society may take away his toys.

    Might indicate a lack of empathy to say the least.

  8. Becca Stareyes says

    Paganeng @ 5

    I don’t mind seeing the ‘routine’ stuff (aka getting things to low-Earth orbit) shifting to private industry, since at this point, it doesn’t take a visionary to see why you might develop that technology — satellites have a lot of uses for our society.

    But the actual exploration bits strike me as still in the ‘this might never be profit-motivated, but is still worth doing’ camp which I associate with NASA and other science/space agencies. But I’m much more interested in sending robots to learn about the solar system than in colonizing Mars. Because, as useful as a geology team on Mars (or even on a moon of Mars, directing surface operation of the robots without that pesky speed of light delay), humans are far more fragile than robots, and Mars is a long way away.

    (Then add in that the more we find out about Mars, the more I side-eye terraforming it both for practical reasons* and ethical reasons.)

    * It’s looking more and more like, while Mars had an atmosphere thick enough for water to be liquid, it was never that substancial and was lost to space (rather than being chemically bound into rocks or frozen at the poles). Even if you want to get to the ‘can walk around with only an oxygen mask and a jacket’ stage of terraforming, there might not be enough things you can vaporize on Mars.

  9. gmacs says

    PZ, I think this falls a bit more into the category of naivety with really poorly thought out expression. Maybe my bar for terrible person has just been set high. (Disclosure: My opinion on space colonization is between yours and the people pushing for it. I personally think it’s a possibility, but will not happen in my great-great-great grandchildrens’ lifetimes.)

    Nemo @6
    You’re probably not seeing the analogy because timgueguen probably wasn’t giving an analogy. They were urging caution and consideration based on past mistakes. It’s a precedent rather than an analogy.

  10. slithey tove (twas brillig (stevem)) says

    I think Musk named his company Tesla as homage to the person he reincarnated from. As in a genius with some looney ideas. Like using nuclear weapons above the Mars North pole to release some CO2 from ice form to greenhouse gas form, dot dot dot. Tesla believed in radio signals coming from ET’s, though invented AC power generators (visit Niagra). Musk also sketched out a plan to link SF to LA with a hyperloop (look it up) that is currently being prototyped by two separate institutes to iron out all the design kinks.
    oh yeah, SpaceX is also Musk.

  11. numerobis says

    Musk started two companies whose vision is about reducing the dependence on fossil fuels, one via electric cars for the masses (albeit with a start point of electric cars for the elites), the other via solar panels for the masses. And another company, whose focus is on reducing space transportation costs. With the goal of Mars colonization, true, but satellites turn out to be pretty useful for people here at home. Finally, he’s got the pipe dream which is being taken seriously enough as a potential improvement on train technology that there’s prototypes being built.

    To say he’s uninterested in solving real problems back home is pretty far off the mark.

    To say he’s indulging in adolescent fantasy, well, go ahead and argue that, I’d probably agree.

  12. says

    Based on the snippets there, it’s… rather hard to come to such sweeping conclusions. As cervantes pointed out @4, he didn’t say anything about not trying to prevent wars or disasters. Pushing very hard for an alternate transportation infrastructure that isn’t critically dependent on fossil fuels, to the point of putting rather substantial money and effort where his mouth is, would seem to be a useful effort along those lines.

    From what little I can tell, it looks more like an insurance policy – put at least a few eggs in another, offsite basket. There’s plenty of room to argue about the best balance of investments, but I’m not aware of a general case that says you must put all your money in fire-suppression systems and none in fire insurance.

  13. says

    The most evil acts are a consequence of ignorance and naivete, so that doesn’t excuse him.

    The whole idea that, when faced with devastating future prospects, you should privilege a few hundred people (your chosen few) with safety, and that you can use the threat of nuclear war as an incentive to support your pet project that does nothing to forestall the threat, is simply odious.

    I have no problem with Musk supporting space travel — I like the idea. What I detest is this callous attitude that the prospective death and suffering of billions is a good reason to send people to Mars. It isn’t. There are good reasons to explore the universe, and there are bad reasons, and without fail, Musk always raves about the very worst reasons.

  14. says

    Good reasons:
    New knowledge
    Curiosity
    Testing the limits of human capability
    Developing new technologies
    Creating incentives to promote science
    Broadening human perspectives

    Bad reasons:
    Saving the human race (you aren’t)
    Getting outta here before everyone else dies

    I don’t think Musk is even capable of comprehending the good reasons.

  15. Nemo says

    The most evil acts are a consequence of ignorance and naivete, so that doesn’t excuse him.

    Well, that would be relevant if he’d done an evil act.

  16. numerobis says

    PZ, what the heck are you smoking?

    A technologist who can’t comprehend the good in developing new technologies. Yeah, that’s what Musk is, sure.

  17. yazikus says

    This is clearly an echo-chamber practice test. The rumors are true! Every commenter at Pharyngula agrees wholeheartedly with everything PZ says!
    ***
    Wait, they don’t? Someone fix the horde-calibration, quick!

  18. says

    I don’t think Musk is a horrible person, but I do think he’s getting things backwards. The technical and economic challenges of colonizing/teraforming Mars are so ridiculously extreme that only a highly advanced society that has huge amounts of spare resources could reasonably attempt it. That’s not our current world, and won’t be until we’ve fixed all those problems that Musk seems to think are the reason to colonize Mars in the first place. If we somehow lose the technology that it would take to go to Mars, that would just prove that going to Mars was never a good use of technology and resources; it was better spent solving other issues.

  19. brett says

    If Musk didn’t care about the environment at all, he probably wouldn’t be putting a ton of time and money into electric cars and new batteries to go with solar panels. It’s not like those things are hugely profitable for him – Tesla’s still a small segment of the luxury car market, and the cost of the batteries is a big barrier to producing cheaper electric cars that most new car-buyers could afford.

    When you get into details of what he’s ultimately hoping to do in space (which probably will be more than what he actually ends up being able to do), it’s not so bad. He said in a recent interview that he’s hoping to basically get the cost of going to, say, Mars down to the point where a family could probably afford it if they were willing to make it a permanent move and sell their house. Something like $250,000- $500,000, hopefully less. And he’s trying to make the steps along the way there profitable as well, although we’ll see how that works out – I could easily see it being a case where it doesn’t. SpaceX is already a rarity in terms of New Space success.

    @Timgueguen

    I wonder if Musk isn’t like some other space exploration advocates, and has the idea running in his head that the problem is simply that we’re not spending enough money on it. That all we have to do is spend enough money and the answers to the problems of manned space exploration will quickly appear.

    That’s pretty much the opposite of the approach he’s taken with SpaceX. The whole point of SpaceX was trying to figure out how to do space launches cheaper than what they cost when it was founded.

    @Ray Ingles

    From what little I can tell, it looks more like an insurance policy – put at least a few eggs in another, offsite basket. There’s plenty of room to argue about the best balance of investments, but I’m not aware of a general case that says you must put all your money in fire-suppression systems and none in fire insurance.

    I know, right? I can’t help but wonder if there’s some fear here that if we do multiple steps on stuff like this, it will somehow make people less willing to try and prevent problems in the first place. It’s like someone opposing safety drills and nuclear warfare survival preparations out of the fear that this will somehow make people more willing to tolerate a nuclear war.

  20. Marshall says

    I’m not convinced that this demonstrates that he’s a terrible human being. You’re claiming that one should take no measures to protect ones’ own interests in the face of impending potential disaster, and instead divert all resources to preventing that disaster–even if one’s interest has nothing at all to do with the causes of the disaster.

    Are you suggesting that Elon Musk set his visions for technological progress aside, and instead become a politician/leader for world peace in order to guarantee a future in which his innovations can thrive?

  21. Rob Bos says

    There may be some trenchant criticisms of Elon Musk, but I don’t think this is one of them. I’m often in agreement with PZ, but this is not one of those times.

    Getting human settlements off-world is a difficult goal, and the technological developments that result from it, like most space research, may benefit us on Earth significantly. Right off the top of my head, the kind of life support systems that we’d require for long-term space habitability would need significant investment in biological research and ecosystem management. The ability to grow food in a spaceship correlates well to other similar research in feeding humans here.

    We can do more than one thing at a time; if we criticise people for saying that we have to feed all the homeless before allowing one refugee in, we can’t turn around and say that we have to feed all the problems on Earth before we spend a dime on exploring space.

  22. Thomathy, Mandatory Long-Form Homo says

    Well, we’re not colonising Mars or any other body. Not for a very, very long time if ever at all. When futurists jerk it to their fantastical ideas about colonizing other worlds, they’re as bad as some philosophers can be when they jerk it to hypothetical scenarios that stretch credulity to justify mass murder (or some other thing).

    The exploration of space is an awesome vision. The human species isn’t going to be saved by leaving this planet behind, though. If any condition on this planet can be considered hostile to human life, then there is no word in English, at least, that can adequately describe the rest of the universe, except, perhaps, anathema. Let’s explore and let’s keep our home tidy and always come back to it.

    I’m not sure Musk is a horrible person, though. Being wealthy beyond the imagination of pretty much everyone else on Earth is …well, it doesn’t make him horrible exactly. But, PZ does have a point that it doesn’t take malice to do some evil thing or to set some evil thing in motion. Maybe Musk is cynical. No part of the answer to our problems, however, can be to colonise other worlds. I’m very hesitant to endorse anything that comes with that as an initiative. Not that there aren’t unintended uses for whatever technology may be developed along the way, but because self-imposed ignorance is reprehensible and there are better reasons and better goals.

  23. Thomathy, Mandatory Long-Form Homo says

    The ability to grow food in a spaceship correlates well to other similar research in feeding humans here.

    It’s a slight point of pedantry, but I think this is actually rather illustrative of a point that can be made here. We don’t need more food to feed humans here. The problem with starving humans is not one of food. Some 40% of all food produced for human consumption is wasted globally. Growing food in space is a solution looking for a problem. It’s not that it’s not worthwhile, it’s that it doesn’t address any actual need. There’s nothing wrong with that in and of itself. The problem is the motivation. We will not feed more people with that technology. Humans are starving for a completely different reason. Resources are finite. Research, invention and discovery are very important. The pursuit of basic knowledge and science are integral to the betterment of human life. It matters what you’re doing something for. Don’t start with a false premise and divert resources to an end goal with no realistic probability of helping.

  24. jack lecou says

    This is a bizarre argument. Like arguing against developing, say, AIDS drugs because that’s taking resources away from telling people not to get sick.

    Or, imagine a young adult is ready to leave home and strike out on their own. They happen to mention, as one of their many reasons for doing so, that this might mean at least part of their family might survive if — heaven forbid — the original home were to burn down later.

    Obviously a genocidal firebug, amiright? A monster who clearly cares nothing for responsible fire prevention. And it’s not like their reasoning even makes sense, because they aren’t going to be taking the WHOLE family along!

  25. Thomathy, Mandatory Long-Form Homo says

    Which argument is bizarre? You’re going to have to get more specific. If you’re talking about my post at #26, I’m suggesting solving an actual problem, which is exactly what developing drugs that fight HIV do (there is no such thing as AIDS drugs, AIDS is not the disease it is the result of an untreated HIV infection). I also never said that we can’t do more than one thing at a time.

    The point of my argument seems to have gone completely past you. It’s not even subtle. It’s important to have the right reasons to be doing something to start from good premises and to work for the betterment of humanity.

  26. voidhawk says

    PZ this is absurd. Elon Musk has done more for promoting Electric Vehicles, Large-Capacity battery storage, Solar Farms and re-usable space travel than possibly anyone else on the planet. To call someone who is actively trying to make the world a better place ‘evil’ because he advocates having a fantastical backup plan to human failings is a hyperbole at best.

    I think, like most of the other commenters here, that you’ve gone wa-ay too far with this one.

  27. says

    “terrible human being” is an entirely unfair way to characterize Mr. Musk for the quoted statements, although it’s great click bait

  28. Christopher says

    Stop strawmanning him, it is beneath you.

    http://www.gq.com/story/elon-musk-mars-spacex-tesla-interview

    I ask Musk how often he actually thinks about colonizing Mars. Every day? Every week? “I do think about it a fair bit,” he answers, explaining that part of his urgency is that we might not always have the technology to get there. Most of us instinctively assume that technology relentlessly marches forward, but there have been times before now in human history—after the Egyptians built the Pyramids, for instance, or after the multiple advances of the Roman Empire—when the civilizations that followed could no longer do what had been done before, and perhaps there’s a complacency and arrogance in assuming that this won’t happen again.

    “There’s a window that could be opened for a long time or a short time where we have an opportunity to establish a self-sustaining base on Mars,” he reasons, “before something happens to drive the technology level on Earth below where it’s possible. So does the base become self-sustaining before spaceships from Earth stop going?…I mean, I don’t think we can discount the possibility of a third World War. You know, in 1912 they were proclaiming a new age of peace and prosperity, saying that it was a golden age, war was over. And then you had World War I followed by World War II followed by the Cold War. So I think we need to acknowledge that there’s certainly a possibility of a third World War, and if that does occur it could be far worse than anything that’s happened before. Let’s say nuclear weapons are used. I mean, there could be a very powerful social movement that’s anti-technology. There’s also growth in religious extremism. Like, I mean, does ISIS grow…?”

    He is saying that if there is a real world war, we could easily lose the ability to ever get off this planet. We have already used up all the easy to get energy resources, if we lose our technological civilization, it is likely that our ancestors will be limited to animal power, peat, and wood. You can’t build solar panels or orbital rockets with primitive technology.

    Musk has always been straightforward with what he wants to accomplish. It boggles my mind that people either don’t believe him or don’t listen and ascribe other motives.

    He made a couple hundred million dollars off of what would become PayPal. Instead of buying an island and a bunch of fancy cars, Musk threw it all in to solve the biggest problems he saw with human civilization: we need to switch to sustainable energy sources that don’t contribute to global warming, and we need to become a multi-planatary species so that if a comet we can’t stop hits earth, we don’t lose the only light of consciousness we know of in the universe.

    To tackle the first, there is Tesla to show consumers that a pure electric car can be as good or better than an ICE version and to show the big manufactures that there is a market for pure electric cars. Then there is Solar-City that is trying to get as many PV panels on roofs as possible, and is now building a huge manufacturing plant in NY to produce even cheaper panels (and for the naysayers, their discharge water will be cleaner than their input water).

    To tackle the latter, he started SpaceX so that they could get the price per pound of stuff to orbit low enough that the whole idea of sending enough mass to Mars to make a colony is feasible.

    Just because Musk’s idea of what are the most important problems facing human civilization aren’t your top problems doesn’t mean that they aren’t big problems or shouldn’t be solved. Just because he isn’t tackling your pet problem during his retirement doesn’t make him evil, especially when he is pouring everything he has into trying to make the world and humanity better.

  29. Alteredstory says

    Sorry, but I gotta jump on the bandwagon.

    Most climate and military experts I’m aware of agree that any potential WW3 scenario would be, in large part, driven by the warming climate.

    Some are already saying that we’re already waging the third world war in the Middle East, and climate change has played a significant role in fanning those flames.

    While I think there is more he could do, I think Musk has done more to push the implementation of renewable energy than any single person currently working on it. His work on making electric cars acceptable to the public, and on making home batteries practical and accessible are both significant steps in moving us away from fossil fuels.

    The battery work is also a vital step in making us more resilient in the face of the changes in our climate that have yet to manifest.

    He IS working to prevent the kind of war you’re talking about, on a massive scale. Maybe there’s more he could do, or different areas he could focus on, but that has ALWAYS been the case with everybody who has done good in the world.

    And maybe his reasons for funding space exploration ARE shit, but that doesn’t justify the work that he’s doing here to move us towards a society that runs on renewable energy.

    He’s obscenely wealthy, and we already know that that leads to a skewed view of the world and of humanity. I don’t make excuses for that, and it undoubtably leads him down some unpleasant rabbit holes.

    But you’re calling him a terrible person because you disagree with some of his statements and fears, and accusing him of not working for a better world, while ignoring the enormous amount of work that he has been and is still doing, and the very real results it that have come of it.

  30. Christopher says

    He’s obscenely wealthy, and we already know that that leads to a skewed view of the world and of humanity.

    He wasn’t born into wealth, and is only ‘obscenely wealthy’ in the last few years and only if you count his paper wealth in stock. During the 2008 crisis, he mortgaged everything he had to keep Tesla and SpaceX alive and had to borrow money from friends to pay for food.

    Even now, he doesn’t live ‘obscenely wealthy’: he has a decently sized, but not extravagant house, his garage contains a Tesla or two plus an E-Type Jag (his first car, which he bought when he sold his first company) and a Ford Model-T that someone gave him as a present. He spends his time either with his kids or his companies, and when he is with the latter he is usually engineering rather than schmoozing on the golf course.

    Amongst all the people on earth with Musk’s level of paper-wealth, he acts the least like an obscenely wealthy person.

  31. jack lecou says

    The problem with starving humans is not one of food. Some 40% of all food produced for human consumption is wasted globally.

    That…is still a problem of food. As in, one way or another, it’s not reaching people’s mouths.

    I get what you’re saying — production is, in theory more than sufficient for existing needs, if only distribution was more uniform and utilization efficiency was better. But that doesn’t mean production improvements won’t also help (particularly if they were localized to areas with shortages), or won’t be needed eventually overall.

    Beside, production is obviously not the only food-related technology that space-motivated research could help with. Wastage would also be a key concern there, as well as figuring out diets and crop mixtures which maximize nutrition, improving food storage and preparation techniques, etc.

    Growing food in space is a solution looking for a problem.

    Growing food in space solves the problem of…having to food to eat in space.

    Of course, Rob’s point was that along the way to solving all the problems with that, you may very well accidentally solve some problems with growing food on the ground as well. (Including problems we may not even know we have yet – that being one of the benefits of basic research.)

  32. says

    Thomathy@25: The human species isn’t going to be saved by leaving this planet behind, though.

    Exploiting resources in space could certainly help the human species, and several others. There’s a lot out there, with a lot of solar power to help reach and process it. Whether or not Mars is great prospect, any efforts are bound to yield some progress along those lines, and – as has been pointed out by many – it’s not an either/or proposition anyway.

    Thomathy@26: We don’t need more food to feed humans here. The problem with starving humans is not one of food. Some 40% of all food produced for human consumption is wasted globally.

    And being able to grow a wide variety of foods close to where people actually live would not help with that at all? Let alone the results Rob Bos pointed out regarding “biological research and ecosystem management”. Being able to build a viable closed-loop sub-ecology would help a lot in understanding the larger one we live in. And – as has been pointed out by many – it’s not an either/or proposition anyway.

  33. applehead says

    Dale Carrico was right as he said all you have to do to make liberals become arch-conservatives and nerds morons is say the magic word “tech.”

    Already the zealous Musk fanboyism has infected the Pharyngula. “Hyperloop?” Really? People still fall for this sham? Let Jon Oliver speak instead of me: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-b_7PMWDio

    Meanwhile, here in the real world where real people have to make do with real technologies, social circumstances and physics, the SF-LA high-speed line running on conventional tech is being built while “Hyperloop” is still a bunch of PowerPoint illustrations. http://sfist.com/2015/01/05/californias_high-speed_rail_finally.php

    #2: But I have to ask, does he really? After all, how much greenhouse gases do the factories that build Tesla’s cars and batteries produce? What’s the amount for the very resources they’re made of? And anyway, if those cars become just another upper crust toy, the impact of Saint Musk’s deeds is but negligible.

    This carries the reek of a greenwashing scheme if I ever saw one.

    It’s perplexing people have to be reminded on this fact so shortly after one of the most important climate summits in history. Anthropogenic climate change is a stupendously multifaceted problem that cannot be solved by chants of “FREE MARKET PROVIDES!” It takes collective action, both social and political but also many other forms, to tackle this problem. Just look at another phenomenon that’s roughly comparable to ACC in that it’s both global and threatening to society at large. Was the ozone hole dilemma satisfactorily mitigated by single celebrity CEO con-artists?

    No, it took worldwide political action, just like with most problems of globalized society these days.

  34. komarov says

    […] and they then slip a small explosive surprise into the next supply package.

    Funnily enough, that’s how most of my imagined Mars Colony scenarios end. Some twit is bound to wipe out our first extraterrestial outpost. It’s a small miracle noone has taken potshots at the ISS yet.* Mine is a very cheerful disposition.
    Hence, if I were to build a classic 1950s domed city on an alien world, I’d fit it with the best possible early warning system I could (perhaps even with one of those “LASERS” I keep hearing about). Only because of asteroids and the likes, of course. The fact that it would also be set off by unexpected spacecraft and nukes or nuke-like devices would be one of those bugs that noone ever gets around to fix. It would be on the to do list, just below “improved AI for Minesweeper”.
    The ideal Mars Colony wouldn’t need supply packages anyhow. If there were any they could be dropped off on Phobos, where very serious people make them take off their shoes and belts before deciding everything was contraband anyway and chucking the lot in the bin. In my dystopian scifi universe, everything is generally ok, except for Phobos, which is littered with nail files and tiny scissors.

    *I expect the main problem is one of range. It helps that almost everyone with the means is also a stakeholder.

  35. Christopher says

    “Hyperloop?” Really? People still fall for this sham?

    The hyperloop is just a wild idea he had that is technologically feasible with today’s tech. He is just throwing the idea out there hoping someone else will run with it because he has his hands full already.

    http://www.gq.com/story/elon-musk-mars-spacex-tesla-interview

    s we sit here, Elon Musk explains to me how he thought up the Hyperloop.

    People get stuck in traffic every day, but few of them react to the situation as Musk once did. It was July 2012. He was trapped on Santa Monica Boulevard for 45 minutes, edging toward the coast to appear at an event where he was to be interviewed in front of an audience by a tech journalist called Sarah Lacy, and he was late. “I didn’t realize they’d actually paid to attend, so I was keeping all these people waiting that had paid to attend without me even realizing it,” he says. “I thought, ‘Man, there’s gotta be, you know, a better way.’ ”

    What happened next is two kinds of absurd. First, he tells me, it was actually right as he sat there in his car, inching down Santa Monica Boulevard, that he not only thought, We need a new mode of transport, but imagined it, and in his head (Musk famously never writes things down) came up with a quite specific idea he thought would work. Second, when he arrived at his destination, he couldn’t keep it to himself. “I sort of shot my mouth off in the interview,” he recalls. He would explain at the event that his idea was also inspired by his frustration at California’s continually-delayed high-speed train link between San Francisco and Los Angeles, which he saw as disappointingly slow and crazily expensive. “I said,” he remembers, “ ‘I think I’ve come up with a better way to get from one place to another.’ ” This, in part, is what he explained.

    Musk: It would be for a fifth mode of transport. So right now we’ve got planes, trains, automobiles, and boats for getting around Earth. But what if there was a fifth mode? I’ve a name for it, which is the Hyperloop.
    Lacy: The Hyperloop? Is it like a Jetsons tunnel?
    Musk: It’s something like that, yeah.
    Lacy: You just get in and it whisks you?
    Musk: Yeah…it goes about, let’s say, an average speed of twice what an aircraft would do. So you go from downtown L.A. to downtown San Francisco in under 30 minutes…
    Lacy: You think this is possible?
    Musk: Yes, absolutely. Absolutely. Yeah.

    Over the next few months, when Musk was asked about it, he said that when he had time he might publish an open-source version of this Hyperloop plan for others to work on, and meanwhile he offered more opaque clues as to what his idea was (“a cross between a Concorde and a rail gun and an air-hockey table…if they had a three-way and had a baby somehow”), which inspired lots of online speculation, much of it deeply skeptical. Despite prodding, though, he said little more for quite some time, and he published nothing. For one thing, as we know, he was a little busy. But he tells me now that there was also another reason for his reticence.

    “In actual fact,” he says, “what I thought of wouldn’t work, but I didn’t realize that at the time. It was like a wrong precursor, sort of along the lines of a pneumatic mail chute. But the problem is, pneumatically things won’t work because the friction of the air column is far too great. And then it heats up the air, the air expands, and it creates this enormous back pressure. That’s why mail slots don’t work at scale. You can have them over short distances, but not long distances.”

    Pretty much anyone else might have left it there, but Musk didn’t. He carried on thinking about it: “I was like, ‘Is there any other way to make this work?’ Because I’d sort of put myself out there saying I could think of this thing—it’s gonna be pretty embarrassing to say that it didn’t work. So maybe there’s some other thing that would work.”

    The following year, he announced the imminent publication of his new and improved concept, though he confesses to me that, even then, a key detail only came to him at the very last moment: “A final piece of the puzzle—to use a compressor on the nose of the pod to compress the air and eject it backwards using air skis—I came up with literally the night before. I was up at 3 A.M.—I was like, ‘I think it might actually work.’ ”

    It’s fair to say that there was a large audience ready to debunk and savage whatever he published—which turned out to be a surprisingly detailed, 58-page document packed with calculations, reasonings, schematics, and costings—but though there were inevitably doubters, it soon became clear that there were plenty of people who could not see any reason why it wouldn’t work, and a few who were ready to start building it and testing it out. There are now competing companies investing millions in Hyperloop prototypes. Musk hasn’t endorsed any particular endeavor, but for his own part he’s building a mile-long Hyperloop test track here in Los Angeles so that students can try out designs and compete to see whose prototype will go faster. And while there is a long way to go before the Hyperloop proves itself, no one has yet come up with a fundamental flaw that undermines his designs or his reasoning.

    You must be aware that other people don’t think up new modes of transport in their spare time?

    “Um, well, in this case it was just sort of sheer desperation,” he replies. “Of, like, I’d better think of something, otherwise I’m gonna have to tell people it doesn’t work.”

    Well, yes, but lots of other people have been desperate before now, and they still don’t do things like this.

    He pauses, as though looking for a way to sidestep this. If so, he fails to find one.

    “True,” he concedes.

    So he is annoyed at traffic, has a clever idea that he mentions once he finally gets to his press conference, it gets huge news play, he realizes his off the cuff idea won’t work, so he works on it until it does work, then publishes his viable plan so anyone else can pick it up and implement. Oh and he is building a test track so university students can play with ideas to make it even more viable. And you’re giving him shit for all that?

    After all, how much greenhouse gases do the factories that build Tesla’s cars and batteries produce? What’s the amount for the very resources they’re made of?

    The Gigafactory will be run on totally renewable resources (on site solar and wind). Current, grid based, battery production already spews less CO2 than gasoline production.

    if those cars become just another upper crust toy, the impact of Saint Musk’s deeds is but negligible.

    Creating a new car company from scratch requires bootstrapping yourself using higher profit models first so you can get to the economies of scale required for an affordable mass market car.

    From Musk’s first blog post about Tesla entitled: “The Secret Tesla Motors Master Plan (just between you and me)”

    https://www.teslamotors.com/blog/secret-tesla-motors-master-plan-just-between-you-and-me

    As you know, the initial product of Tesla Motors is a high performance electric sports car called the Tesla Roadster. However, some readers may not be aware of the fact that our long term plan is to build a wide range of models, including affordably priced family cars. This is because the overarching purpose of Tesla Motors (and the reason I am funding the company) is to help expedite the move from a mine-and-burn hydrocarbon economy towards a solar electric economy, which I believe to be the primary, but not exclusive, sustainable solution.

    Critical to making that happen is an electric car without compromises, which is why the Tesla Roadster is designed to beat a gasoline sports car like a Porsche or Ferrari in a head to head showdown. Then, over and above that fact, it has twice the energy efficiency of a Prius. Even so, some may question whether this actually does any good for the world. Are we really in need of another high performance sports car? Will it actually make a difference to global carbon emissions?

    Well, the answers are no and not much. However, that misses the point, unless you understand the secret master plan alluded to above. Almost any new technology initially has high unit cost before it can be optimized and this is no less true for electric cars. The strategy of Tesla is to enter at the high end of the market, where customers are prepared to pay a premium, and then drive down market as fast as possible to higher unit volume and lower prices with each successive model.

    Without giving away too much, I can say that the second model will be a sporty four door family car at roughly half the $89k price point of the Tesla Roadster and the third model will be even more affordable. In keeping with a fast growing technology company, all free cash flow is plowed back into R&D to drive down the costs and bring the follow on products to market as fast as possible. When someone buys the Tesla Roadster sports car, they are actually helping pay for development of the low cost family car.

  36. numerobis says

    applehead@37: Electric cars have lower carbon emissions than comparable fossil-fueled cars, which has been shown quite a few times. It gets better the more non-fossil electric generation you have access to.
    http://www.ucsusa.org/publications/ask/2014/lifecycle-emissions.html

    Tesla’s business strategy is to build a car for the 1% and use the profits from that to develop a car for the masses. Other manufacturers are building cars that have poor range and hoping to improve them over time. The technology for a drop-in replacement for standard middle-class gasoline-powered cars isn’t there. The infrastructure is only still being built to support what technology we have now.

    Anthropogenic climate change is a stupendously multifaceted problem that cannot be solved by chants of “FREE MARKET PROVIDES!”

    Indeed. Neither can it be solved by chants of “THE TREATY SAYS 1.5C” — it takes political action, deployment of existing technologies, and development of new technologies. All three.

  37. eveningchaos says

    Maybe Musk should start a real life version of Vaultech to protect the vestiges of humanity when nuclear annihilation occurs. OK, sorry I’ve been playing way too much Fallout 4.

  38. says

    Professor Myers,
    Have to agree with many others in saying that you are way off the mark with this one. The idea that Musk is a “terrible human being” seems unfair and your characterization of his views on Mars seem more like a strawman than anything else.

    Here’s hoping you’ll rethink this one and come back with a more well informed point of view on this at some point down the road.

  39. VP says

    If this post was headlined “Elon Musk says a terrible thing”, there’d be a reasonable argument to be had. I wouldn’t have agreed with you (because I don’t think he sees it as a reason to prevent WW3) but I could see your point, and even concede the possibility that I may be wrong.

    But to title it “Elon Musk is a terrible human being” when your reason for claiming that can be easily proved wrong by his actions (he has probably done more to help try and prevent global warming, and therefore prevent WW3 and make human lives better than any other individual) is fairly ridiculous.

  40. Alteredstory says

    ONE person mentioned the hyperloop.

    Nobody has ever said that we won’t have to burn fossil fuels to develop the infrastructure to leave them behind. We used animal power to jump-start the industrial revolution, and we’ll use fossil power to build renewable energy.

    Saying that factories or electric cars produce CO2 emissions somewhere along the way is an utterly useless complaint. You’re essentially whining about how we’re not using a system that doesn’t exist because it’s still being built.

  41. starfleetdude says

    While I think the idea to terraform and colonize Mars is hopelessly optimistic as to the time and effort needed as well as the continuing dependency on there being an Earth around to support the process, Elon Musk isn’t a terrible human being for promoting such a scenario. Musk is a techno-utopian who misses more than he hits, but he’s doing fairly more good than harm.

  42. says

    applehead @37,

    Dale Carrico was right as he said all you have to do to make liberals become arch-conservatives and nerds morons is say the magic word “tech.”

    Already the zealous Musk fanboyism has infected the Pharyngula.

    We call BS. Please provide some quotes from this thread to back up this characterization or kindly admit that you are making shit up.

    Was the ozone hole dilemma satisfactorily mitigated by single celebrity CEO con-artists?

    Has anyone anywhere suggested that any dilemma will be “satisfactorily mitigated by [a] single” anything? WTF are you even talking about with this?

    No, it took worldwide political action, just like with most problems of globalized society these days.

    Has anyone suggested or implied otherwise? If you think so please provide specific quotes.

    Bottom line is that you seem to feel Musk is a “con-artist” and anyone who disagrees with you is apparently a “zealous Musk fanboy.” That about right?

  43. Thomathy, Mandatory Long-Form Homo says

    Ray Ingles, you may notice that I never framed anything as an either/or proposition. Read for comprehension and don’t make things up that I haven’t said. I was also pretty careful in mentioning that there may well be benefits from endeavours that have unrealistic goals. It’s as though you didn’t actually read my two comments.

    On the matter of food, sure, it may help to be able to grow food closer to people. The experiments for growing food in space, though, are for growing food in space and overcoming those challenges. There may be very useful runoff from those experiments. Whose to say until we find out? As it is, we’re actually incredibly good at growing food virtually anywhere. Of course, the costs, both monetary and environmental, for certain crops grown in hydroponic greenhouses, in places where those crops can’t be produced outdoors, far outstrip those costs for moving that crop many thousands of kilometres for consumption. And, experimenting growing food in space, which costs billions of dollars, is maybe not the best way to experiment growing food in inhospitable places. The experiments and innovations in growing food in inhospitable places are underway and they are scaled massively by comparison to any experiment in space or for space. Agriculture is really big business, you know? And, in fact, food distribution is actually a really complex problem. That’s why, you may have noticed, had you actually read what I had to say, that I do think basic research an invention are very important. I’d say that they’re critical, even. I will also say again that the problem with food currently is not one of production. And I’ll say again, because repetition may be good for you, that it may help to grow food closer to people, but that does not solve the problem. It doesn’t solve any problems in the same way that dreaming of colonising Mars doesn’t solve any problems, except, maybe incidentally. And I’ll say again that that’s not good.

    I was using what is a very complex problem that can’t be solved merely through technology to illustrate that the starting point and the end goal should be predicated on something reasonable and that there are other kinds of advancement and innovation that aren’t technological. Science: it’s not just rocket ships and Mars colonies.

    And again, Ray Ingles, read for comprehension:

    Thomathy@25: The human species isn’t going to be saved by leaving this planet behind, though.

    Exploiting resources in space could certainly help the human species, and several others.

    That sentence of yours, that’s a rebuttal to that sentence of mine? Exploiting resources in space is not leaving this planet behind. Good job, you found something I wasn’t arguing against to rebut a statement about something else entirely.

    Do me a favour before you reply. Read this post over and over again. Wait an hour. Read it again. Wait another hour. Then, write something in response if you have to.

  44. F.O. says

    Elon Musk:

    “It’d be pretty cool to die on Mars, just not on impact,” he jokes. Turning serious, he adds: “It’s a non-zero possibility. I wouldn’t say I’m counting on it but it could happen.”

    The world could also do with a wake–up call about climate change, he says. “Most people don’t really appreciate the magnitude of the danger. The glacier melts are very stark. As you heat the planet up it’s just like boiling a pot.”

    Source: http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/jul/17/elon-musk-mission-mars-spacex

    Musk has been doing plenty for humans living on Earth, has definitely earned his right to whatever inane pet project about saving some humans.

    @timgueguen

    Just look at nuclear fusion power, where we’ve thrown hundreds of billions of dollars into the pot, yet we still haven’t had that imminent breakthrough that’s been imminent for decades.

    I have worked in fusion research and even from the inside the most optimistic estimates spoke of twenty years (ten years ago).
    Not sure where did you pull “imminent” from.

    @paganeng
    Fuck you and your stereotyping.

    @PZ

    New knowledge
    Curiosity
    Testing the limits of human capability
    Developing new technologies
    Creating incentives to promote science
    Broadening human perspectives

    I don’t think Musk is even capable of comprehending the good reasons.

    I think you are lying to yourself.
    I love you PZ, but you do have your moments where you lose touch with reality.

    @Pierce R. Butler #48: Not sure I buy much of the singularity scare.
    A program that could rewrite itself to be better, could also turn itself into utter garbage in the same way we develop tumors.

  45. applehead says

    @46:

    “We call BS. Please provide some quotes from this thread to back up this characterization or kindly admit that you are making shit up.”

    Well, there you go!

    #12: “I think Musk named his company Tesla as homage to the person he reincarnated from. As in a genius with some looney ideas.”

    I bet you 500 quatloos 90%+ of the pro-Musk acolytes here really think Musk is a modern Tesla, Edison, Einstein, whathaveyou, just without shouting it from the rooftops like that guy.

    The simple fact of the matter, though, is that Musk didn’t invent any of the stuff he makes money with. That’s the thing Jon Oliver mocked as the pseudo-news talking heads began their spiel about the “real-life Tony Stark.” Reality check, Tony Stark is a frikkin’ comic book figure. Not one of today’s celebrity CEOs invented anything their companies produce!

    That’s the basic idea behind corporate ownership, you appropriate the work of the engineers you employ for fame and profit and best of all everyone will be okay with it.

    Musk didn’t come up with SpaceX’s rockets. Musk didn’t come up with fancy new batteries. Musk didn’t come up “Hyperloop” (because, remember, what happened there was Musk basically released a press copy reading “man, wouldn’t a vaccum tube train be cool?” and then independent engineers sacrificed their free time and talent to draft blueprints and present them to him. To quote Oliver a last time: “Hey guys, how about a cure for cancer? Don’t ask me how it’s supposed to work, I’m just the ideas man!”).

    What you people don’t realize is that Elon Musk is the Donald Trump of the tech industry.

    Both are simple showmen who try to sell you empty verbiage by telling their marks what they want to hear. The only difference is where Trump uses unworkable reactionary talking points, rambling about anti-illegal immigrant walls, travel bans for Muslims and how much he likes the Bible, Musk uses Buzzfeed’s Top 10 Most Popular SF Tropes.

    “Man, wouldn’t it be cool if Cali had a vacuum tube train?”

    “Dude, wouldn’t it be cool if we had a Mars Base?”

    “Guys, how cool would a sooper-human AI be?”

    In both cases the ignorant masses eat it up like candy.

  46. says

    Just to provide a bit more from the story than Pierce R. Butler’s chosen quote might convey @48:

    He is joining forces with other tech entrepreneurs to establish a $1 billion investment fund for researchers to pursue applications with a positive social impact and to try to stay one step ahead of the technology.

    “Because of AI’s surprising history, it’s hard to predict when human-level AI might come within reach,” they said in a statement. “When it does, it’ll be important to have a leading research institution which can prioritise a good outcome for all over its own self-interest.”

    “Since our research is free from financial obligations, we can better focus on a positive human impact. We believe AI should be an extension of individual human wills and, in the spirit of liberty, as broadly and evenly distributed as is possible safely,” said the founders of OpenAI on its website.

    Wow what a terrible person funding research with a goal of pursuing applications with positive social impact…

  47. jack lecou says

    That sentence of yours, that’s a rebuttal to that sentence of mine? Exploiting resources in space is not leaving this planet behind.

    Ah. I think I see the problem.

    You were directing your original comment at all those nihilistic strawmonsters out there who advocate abandoning our planet completely in favor of a nice hospitable space rock, and then later, for kicks, smearing Earth’s surface in its remaining crude oil and setting the whole thing fire with a gigaton or two of nukes.

    The confusion arose, when Ray — who I infer is not an absurd nihilistic strawman — took the phrase “leaving the planet behind” to mean the normal thing space nerds might mean by that (inexact) phrase. I.e., exploring, exploiting, and perhaps settling space in order to, among other things, bring economic benefits back to Earth’s population.

    Hint: No one has suggested ‘leaving the planet behind’ in the ‘abandon’ sense you appear to be using. It might be less confusing to wait until someone has made an argument before shooting it down.

  48. says

    F.O.@49, I think you’re taking my imminent a slight bit too seriously. On other hand we just had a British firm, Tokamak Energy, claiming they’re within 5 years of achieving “reactor relevant” fusion, which is pretty close to imminent by research standards.

  49. Christopher says

    Musk is very hands on with the engineering decisions in SpaceX and Tesla.

    He is nothing like you have described him.

    https://www.quora.com/How-did-Elon-Musk-learn-enough-about-rockets-to-run-SpaceX

    Jim Cantrell, On SpaceX founding team with Elon Musk

    I helped Elon start the company and all of these answers are spot on. He still has my book on rocket propulsion…..

    What I found from working with Elon is that he starts by defining a goal and he puts a lot of effort into understanding what that goal is and why it is a good and valid goal. His goal, as I see it, has not changed from the day he first called me in August of 2001. I still hear it in his speeches. His goal was to make mankind a multi planetary species and to do that he had to first solve the transportation problem.

    Once he has a goal, his next step is to learn as much about the topic at hand as possible from as many sources as possible. He is by far the single smartest person that I have ever worked with … period. I can’t estimate his IQ but he is very very intelligent. And not the typical egg head kind of smart. He has a real applied mind. He literally sucks the knowledge and experience out of people that he is around. He borrowed all of my college texts on rocket propulsion when we first started working together in 2001. We also hired as many of my colleagues in the rocket and spacecraft business that were willing to consult with him. It was like a gigantic spaceapalooza. At that point we were not talking about building a rocket ourselves, only launching a privately funded mission to Mars. I found out later that he was talking to a bunch of other people about rocket designs and collaborating on some spreadsheet level systems designs for launchers. Once our dealings with the Russians fell apart, he decided to build his own rocket and this was the genesis of SpaceX.

    https://leanpub.com/theengineer

    “I’d never seen anything like it,” an employee said. “He was the quickest learner I’ve ever come across. You had this guy who knew everything from a business point of view, but who was also clearly capable of knowing everything from a technical point of view – and the place he was creating was a blank sheet of paper.”

    http://www.amazon.com/Elon-Musk-SpaceX-Fantastic-Future/dp/0062301233

    Musk’s growth as a CEO and rocket expert occurred alongside SpaceX’s maturation as a company. At the start of the Falcon 1 journey, Musk was a forceful software executive trying to learn some basic things about a very different world. At Zip2 and PayPal, he felt comfortable standing up for his positions and directing teams of coders. At SpaceX, he had to pick things up on the job. Musk initially relied on textbooks to form the bulk of his rocketry knowledge. But as SpaceX hired one brilliant person after another, Musk realized he could tap into their stores of knowledge. He would trap an engineer in the SpaceX factory and set to work grilling him about a type of valve or specialized material. “I thought at first that he was challenging me to see if I knew my stuff,” said Kevin Brogan, one of the early engineers. “Then I realized he was trying to learn things. He would quiz you until he learned ninety percent of what you know.”

    And it’s not like he doesn’t have academic cred either:

    https://www.iop.org/careers/working-life/profiles/page_57723.html

    How did your interest in physics develop?
    My father was an engineer so I grew up in a technical household, and physics was always what I was good at in school. I was also inspired by Richard Feynman’s lectures and books. When I was 17, I moved from South Africa to Canada, and then to the University of Pennsylvania to study a dual degree in business and physics. It was an unusual combination, and I enjoyed the physics more. I’m not sure I would study business again if I could replay things.

    How did your career progress from there?
    I was offered a place at Stanford University to do postgraduate research into high-energy-density capacitors. But then the Internet came along, and I wanted a piece of the action. It’s a common story – Google, Yahoo and several other firms were started by people who dropped out of their graduate programmes at Stanford. My first company, Zip2, provided online-publishing software for news organizations. Running a business is definitely stressful, especially managing lots of people. You don’t really have to deal with those issues in physics – you can be an introvert and still do fine.

    How did you learn enough about rockets to be the lead designer for SpaceX?
    I learn fast. But maybe it was my fault that the rocket blew up – that will teach me!

    What other projects are you working on? When I was in college, I decided that the three areas I would like to work on were the Internet, space exploration and clean energy. As well as SpaceX, I have an electric-car company called Tesla and another company called Solar City that designs and installs solar-power systems.

    How has physics helped you in your career?
    I think physics gives you a mental framework for problem solving. It also teaches you to be willing to admit you’re wrong.

    Musk is an engineer not a suit. Slandering him as useless suit that only uses the ideas of others is a huge insult to his intelligence and hard work.

  50. says

    applehead @51,
    Are you kidding? In your mind that quote from @12 is evidence that “liberals [have] become arch-conservatives and nerds morons” and that “zealous Musk fanboyism has infected the Pharyngula?” Really? Are you being serious because it’s very difficult to take what you are saying seriously.

    Also who in the ever loving fuck ever claimed or even implied that Musk personally invented everything? Presumably these are the same people who think Steve Jobs personally invented designed and hand built all of the Apple products himself. Seems you are valiantly fighting an absurd strawman that nobody here ever espoused.

    What you people don’t realize is that Elon Musk is the Donald Trump of the tech industry.

    Yeah sure. Right. They are totally alike in so many ways. Just for starters Trump open sources his intellectual property just like Musk right?

    https://www.teslamotors.com/blog/all-our-patent-are-belong-you

    Gee what a terrible selfish asshole this guy is. So much like Trump.

    …Musk uses Buzzfeed’s Top 10 Most Popular SF Tropes.

    Gee what compelling evidence you’ve provided to back up your narrative too: your very own made up Buzzfeed Tropes. You have presented deliberately shallow mischaracterizations of what Musk has really said and that totally proves your point. Well done ace.

    In both cases the ignorant masses eat it up like candy.

    Are you implying that the commenters here are part of that ignorant mass? If that’s what you’re meaning to say you ought to be more explicit and own it.

  51. Amphiox says

    I recall reading an article about Musk a while back. It describe a period of time, before either of SpaceX or Tesla had succeeded in producing any commercially viable products, and both were hemorrhaging funds, when Musk was faced with a choice: he could either sacrifice the company dedicated to space travel to shore up the company dedicated to reducing reliance on fossil fuels, sacrifice the company dedicated to reducing reliance on fossil fuels to shore up the company dedicated to space travel, or pump more of his personal wealth into both and face the risk of personal bankruptcy, within months, if something doesn’t go right with either of them.

    He chose option #3.

    I think that tells us more about what kind of human being he is than any comments about WWIII.

  52. numerobis says

    Alteredstory@44: actually, I also mentioned Hyperloop, except I couldn’t remember the name exactly so I just called it a “pipe dream.” Do I still qualify as a fan boy?

  53. numerobis says

    (Hyperloop to me sounds as important as monorails and maglev: some advantages but not that likely to actually get deployed anytime soon. I suspect Musk felt the same way.)

  54. Amphiox says

    It should also be pointed out that both his comments about nuking the martian poles and his comment about WWIII aren’t original to him. The idea of using nukes on Mars had been bandied about among the people speculating about terraforming Mars for quite some time, decades at least. (I recall watching an interview with Robert Zubrin of the Mars Society where he talks about that option, and rejects it on the grounds that the only people with enough stake and motivation to consider investing in terraforming Mars would be people who were already living on and trying to colonize Mars, and they would be unlikely to agree to nuking a planet they were already living on)

    The idea that a world war would curtail space colonization efforts, both from the sheer destruction and from the potential of a social backlash against space technology (which, remember, in many cases, is the exact same technology that is used to fight a nuclear war) is also not new. It’s been circulating since at least the 1950s among people talking about things like the Drake Equation, Fermi Paradox, SETI (ie intelligent aliens that do arise and develop technology nuke themselves back to the stone-age prior to obtaining the level of technology necessary to colonize space with a regular-enough frequency to account for why no spacefaring aliens have yet come to earth), and of course, science fiction of many kinds.

    It seems to me in both cases Musk is essentially repeating stuff that he has read, or been introduced to by others in his social circle.

  55. says

    @51:

    Musk didn’t come up with SpaceX’s rockets. Musk didn’t come up with fancy new batteries.

    Did anyone say he did? Musk is the founder and CEO of firms that are successfully mass producing excellent electric cars, cost-effective high-density rechargeable batteries, and now a space ship. The notion that he had nothing to do with these things is idiotic. Without him, those firms don’t exist.

  56. Kreator says

    While I agree that PZ’s characterization of Musk is too harsh and uncharitable, I can’t help but sympathize a bit with applehead here. By the sound of some of these comments, it does seem as if this guy’s greatest product were a pair of ice cream boots which people can’t resist to lick; I see the same thing happen when agritech companies are brought up (no, I’m not anti-GMO, just respectfully wary of Capitalism in general).

  57. Alteredstory says

    numerobis @58

    I didn’t notice that (did a word search for “hyperloop”), but I think my point stands. I was responding to this: Already the zealous Musk fanboyism has infected the Pharyngula. “Hyperloop?” – not something I think refers to your comment and attitude.

    My main objection to it was that applehead@37 was apparently picking out the most easily rebutted “argument”, and using that as part of an ad-hominem attack, rather than addressing the more serious points that had been made.

  58. Alteredstory says

    Kreator@63

    “By the sound of some of these comments, it does seem as if this guy’s greatest product were a pair of ice cream boots which people can’t resist to lick”

    That’s pretty easy to explain, Kreator. Look at the context of this thread – Myers said that Musk is a terrible human being, and many of us are disagreeing with that.

    Rebutting that assertion means showing ways in which he has shown himself NOT to be a terrible human being.

    We are not submitting general critiques of Musk as an entire person, we’re pointing out that the case P.Z. made for calling Musk a terrible human being is not supported by the content of his post (or any of the comments supporting that assertion that I’ve seen so far).

    Your complaint is a bit odd, to be honest. It’s like saying a person is ignorant about a subject, and as soon as they point out that they have a degree in that field, accusing them of arrogance. The point isn’t saying “look at me, I’ve got a fancy degree”, it’s “I am rebutting the specific claim that I don’t know about this topic”.

    The tenor of the disagreement in this comment thread is a direct result of the content of the blog post, and as such is NOT an indication of the kind of unthinking devotion you seem to be taking from it.

  59. Christopher says

    Admiring someone is not the same as bootlicking or hero worship.

    Musk is a flawed human like us all, but he has been able to leverage his intellect to produce some great things that likely wouldn’t exist without him.

    With minimal privilege due to birth, he was able to make a fortune by producing a useful product. Instead of using that fortune to join the country club life of the uselessly rich, he bet it all on solving the biggest problems of human civilization he could identify, with full knowledge that he was likely to fail. Even if he failed I’d still admire him for putting it all on the line for the betterment of our species.

    But he hasn’t failed yet. Put almost any other human in his place and they likely would have failed (just ask Carmack about Armadillo).

    Musk is highly intelligent, a very hard worker, and can make the seemingly impossible happen through sheer force of will. How can you not admire and root for such a human?

  60. Christopher says

    Can I get a pair of SpaceX branded ice cream boots instead?

    I need something to gnaw on during their Dec 19th RTF. The last time I watched a SpaceX launch live the damn thing blew up. Maybe ice cream boots will counteract the bad mojo of me watching ;-P

  61. Christopher says

    RE: Musk’s fears about losing our technological civilization:

    http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/05/elon-musk-the-worlds-raddest-man.html

    The Fermi Paradox also worries him. In my post on that, I divided Fermi thinkers into two camps—those who think there’s no other highly intelligent life out there at all because of some Great Filter, and those who believe there must be plenty of intelligent life and that we don’t see signs of any for some other reason. Musk wasn’t sure which camp seemed more likely, but he suspects that there may be an upsetting Great Filter situation going on. He thinks the paradox “just doesn’t make sense” and that it “gets more and more worrying” the more time that goes by. Considering the possibility that maybe we’re a rare civilization who made it past the Great Filter through a freak occurrence makes him feel even more conviction about SpaceX’s mission: “If we are very rare, we better get to the multi-planet situation fast, because if civilization is tenuous, then we must do whatever we can to ensure that our already-weak probability of surviving is improved dramatically.” Again, his fear here makes me feel not great.

  62. Kreator says

    I apologize for my earlier rudeness, as I said I do agree with the general critique that is being made of PZ’s post. I guess I’m just “allergic” to gushing, even when it’s deserved (I even hate to receive too much praise myself, the few times it’s happened).

  63. F.O. says

    @timgueguen #54: fair enough.
    Please note though that “reactor relevant” means everything and nothing.
    We have been obtaining “reactor relevant” fusion for decades.

  64. Rob says

    Sorry PZ, as with others I have to disagree with you. I don’t know how good a human being Musk is, but I don’t see any significant evidence that he’s a terrible human either. He comes across like someone who aspires for himself and humanity to be better than it is and he develops projects that have the potential to push in the right direction.

  65. Christopher says

    If you want to decide if someone is a horrible person, at least do them the honor of listening to what comes out of their mouth, not what someone else said they said.

    http://shitelonsays.com/

    I really can’t find one thing Musk has said that made me go, “well that’s fucked up.” That is pretty damn rare for someone as in the spotlight as he is.

  66. Christopher says

    http://shitelonsays.com/transcript/tesla-introduces-tesla-energy-2015-05-02

    What I want to do is explore what’s really needed to transition the world to sustainable energy. Is this actually possible? Is it something that is within the ability of humanity to actually do or is it some insurmountable super-difficult impossible thing? It’s not. With 160 million Powerpacks you could transition the United States. With 900 million you can transition the world. You can basically make all electricity generation in the world renewable and primarily solar. Then, going a little further, if you want to transition all transport and all electricity generation and all heating to renewable you need approximately two billion Powerpacks. Now that might seem like an insane number and I’m very tempted to do the billion thing that – I must restrain my hand – but in order to – like, two billion Powerpacks is that a crazy number? Is that an impossible number? It is not, in fact. The number of cars and trucks that we have on the road is approximately two billion, and every twenty years approximately that gets refreshed. There’s a hundred million new cars and trucks made every year. The point I want to make is that this is actually within the power of humanity to do. We have done things like this before. It is not impossible, it is really something that we can do.

    “In fact, it’s something that obviously we’re starting to do, with Gigafactory 1. The way we’re approaching the Gigafactory is really like it’s a product. We’re not really thinking of it in the traditional way that people think of a factory. Like, a building with a bunch of off-the-shelf equipment in it. What we’re really designing in the Gigafactory is a giant machine.” It’s actually – think of it like a product of Tesla. We’re making this really big product that doesn’t happen to move – but it’s really big, and that’s what we’re doing – Gigafactory version 1. We’re building that in Nevada right now, and there will need to be many Gigafactories in the future. I do want to emphasize that this is not something that we think Tesla is going to do alone. We think that there is going to be many other companies building Gigafactory-class operations of their own and we hope they do and the Tesla policy of open sourcing patents will continue for the Gigafactory, for the Powerpack and for all these other things.

    We want to show people, most importantly that this is possible. If you look at that – that’s the future we could have. Where the curve slowly rolls over and goes to zero – no incremental CO2 – that’s the future we need to have. That’s something that – and the path that I’ve talked about, the solar panels and the batteries – it’s the only path that I know of that can do this, and I think it’s something that we must do and that we can do and that we will do.

    What a horrible person.

  67. brett says

    Both Applehead and Plethora essentially recycled the same type of rhetoric and phrasing in slamming Musk, down to the verbiage itself. I wonder if a trolling is afoot?

    One thing I will give for large-scale crewed space exploration efforts is that as far as Big Technology Projects generating spin-offs go, they’re pretty good simply because they transect so many fields in the process. Life sciences, rocketry, high-temperature engineering, and so forth. It’s very good for cross-fertilization.

  68. mattand says

    #7 Steven:

    Has Musk said something at some other time that already made you hate him?

    He once said video games were art.

  69. Samuel Vimes says

    “What I detest is this callous attitude that the prospective death and suffering of billions is a good reason to send people to Mars.”

    Any port in a storm.

  70. petrander says

    #81 Thanks. I was already ready to write that PZ was being way too harsh. But after reading your linked article, I realized that this person, like Pistorius, is just another failed product of the male-dominated culture of South Africa. It’s probably also what happens to people, with too little humility and empathy, who reap success after success up to the point of feeding into a superiority complex.

    I have a very different picture of the man now… Maybe PZ is right on the spot after all!

  71. says

    Thomathy – The entire thread is framed as an either/or proposition. I did read your comments… in that context. Even if you disavow that, there are several problems with your case.

    For example, you claim that experiments about growing food in space cost “billions of dollars”. But you’re ignoring the fact that a whole lot of work needs to be done on Earth before that is practical. Recall that I specifically mentioned “a viable closed-loop sub-ecology” – a necessary precondition for any long-term off-Earth humans. Plenty of work on that can and must be done here before anything gets launched. And that’s a useful goal no matter what. Try to build an independent ecology and you will find a lot of dependencies you didn’t know about – which will inevitably have implications for understanding and managing and working with our global ecology.

    I’m quite aware that “there are other kinds of advancement and innovation that aren’t technological” – but if you think that actual solutions to the issues with world food production and distribution will not have major technological components, well, after Babbage, I am not able rightly to apprehend the kind of confusion of ideas that could provoke such a claim.

    That leaves aside the goal of bringing down that “billions of dollars” cost in the first place, necessary for exploiting all those resources out there. If nothing “leaves this planet behind”, there won’t be any exploiting of resources in space. Musk isn’t proposing moving to Mars tomorrow. The actual work being done today is on reducing launch costs. Whether or not you agree with the long-term goal, you should have no problem whatsoever with the short- and medium-term goals. If Musk starts diverting resources to something you actually object to, with no chance of success, then you can criticize him on those grounds.

    In short, I haven’t seen you point out an actual problem with the actual actions Musk’s taken to date in these regards, nor anything planned for the next decade or two.

    VP@79: And if PZ had cited that as evidence for Musk being “a terrible human being”, he might actually have had a case. But he didn’t.

    Consider: Pat Condell and Thunderf00t are terrible human beings, but not because they are atheists, or post YouTube videos, or whatever. It’s because of their terrible words and actions. That’s the case against them.

  72. says

    brett @82,
    Our supposed slamming of Musk was meant as a sarcastic response to applehead and Kreator. Seems we should have included /sarcasm tags for clarity’s sake.

    For the nonsarcastic response to applehead please see @46 and the first couple of paragraphs @56. The rest was not meant to be taken literally. Sorry for not being more clear on that but frankly thought it would be obvious given the context.

  73. Christopher says

    VP@81

    I wouldn’t want to be married to the guy. In addition to his cultural baggage, his people skills come across as very aspy. Still, nothing in that article paints him as an asshole: he wasn’t purposefully cruel, mean, or violent. Even after all the stuff they went through, him, his ex, and his current on again off again wife are all on friendly speaking terms. Better than I can say for a lot of the divorces I know of personally.

    Musk is a flawed human being who is far from perfect, but he is also far from being a “terrible human being.”

  74. says

    I think it’s long been known that Musk is kind of a jerk in his personal life. I don’t know if I would want to be his friend. This seems to be true of a lot of tech entrepreneurs, like Steve Jobs or Bill Gates. Succeeding in that hyper-competitive world probably requires a certain mix of brilliance and pushiness, the “get it done no matter who’s in the way” attitude. Still, it doesn’t appear to hamper their ability to care about humanity and do right by it.

  75. Christopher says

    Yeah, but he comes across as more of an oblivious jerk rather than a malicious jerk which makes a huge difference when trying to determine if someone is a “terrible human being.”

    I hope Musk’s life journey includes emotional growth. But, if he dies a stunted man-child who nonetheless dedicated everything he had to convert human civilization to solar power and multiple planets, I would have a hard time holding his lack of emotional growth against him. I sure wouldn’t classify him as a “terrible human being” because of it.

  76. says

    This seems to be true of a lot of tech entrepreneurs, like Steve Jobs or Bill Gates.

    I think this is true of a large majority of very successful people, and probably comes from the extreme confidence and self-belief you need to be that ambitious. That’s why I always laugh when people talk about a leading politician’s humility.

    That said, I’d far rather they be jerks like Bill Gates than jerks like Donald Trump….

  77. VP says

    @85, 88 – Musk has some major issues, and many blindpoints. Much like most human beings (which does not mean they cannot be criticized for their negatives).

    The problem with PZ’s article is that he criticizes Musks for all the wrong things. If you had to make a list of people who cared and did stuff to “save the planet”, Musk would easily be near the top.

    If you wanted to make a list of people who were horrible to deal with in a personal relationship, it appears he is way down.

    PZ criticizes him for the former. He does not even bring in the latter (unless he wants to imply that because he is a male in tech his personal behaviors can be assumed, to which I can only respond “holy stereotyping, batman”).

  78. Rich Woods says

    You know, in 1912 they were proclaiming a new age of peace and prosperity, saying that it was a golden age, war was over.

    Given that Britain and Germany had been in a dreadnought-building arms race since 1907, I’m less than impressed with this start to his argument.

  79. Paul Cowan says

    Jeebus, if Elon Musk is a terrible person, then I must be human garbage. Dude has contributed way more to making positive changes in society than I ever will.

  80. numerobis says

    Freeze-dried boots for me too please — global warming and el nino are making it so that Montreal isn’t freezing, even in mid-December, which means the ice cream boots would just melt.

    I’ll be standing by my pneumatic tube / hyperloop for the delivery.

  81. Marc Abian says

    I’m with PZ on this one. I saw a skyscraper with a lightning rod fitted before. Maybe they should be more concerned with stopping lightning, instead of just trying to save that one building. And don’t get me started on food insurance. Have these policy holders never considered maybe stopping flooding instead? In fact I raised that difficult question to some insured people before and they pointed out to me that they were very active in preventing the floods using their own money and initiative, but I was able to look beyond such plutocratic facts by impulsively dismissing something they once said about Mars. Checkmate Musketeers.

  82. says

    What a mean, myopic, and poorly argued writeup. No wonder the cultural left inspires no confidence within the rest of humanity. And PZ’s takedown of Sam Harris was not only inappropriate, but his math was wrong in certain ways.

  83. EigenSprocketUK says

    Living on Mars would be astonishingly brilliant. Being a resource-independent colony would be truly incredible. I hope that these things happen; global war on Earth would permanently prevent that.
    This is the only planet that anyone alive today will ever be able to call home: let’s plan to stay alive so that future generations might eventually be able to call somewhere else home too. Not instead, but as well.

  84. luka says

    He’s saying “if we want humanity to survive long-term, we need to expand to multiple planets”, not “rich people should flee from a dying planet”. I don’t think his point makes him a terrible human being. It simply makes him right.

    The “bomb Mars” thing was clearly a joke. Watch the video where he says it.

  85. Christopher says

    The “bomb Mars” thing was clearly a joke. Watch the video where he says it.

    It was 2/3 joke, 1/3 truth.

    Part of the joke is that Musk is well aware that it would be pretty much impossible to convince the Earth’s governments and people to put a 1/5 or more of our nuclear stockpile on top of the largest non-nuclear bomb ever made in order to send it to Mars in a multi-generational effort at terraforming.

    The second part of the joke is that we wouldn’t be bombing Mars like it is Nevada in the 50’s with pretty mushroom clouds on the horizon.

    Which brings us to the kernel of truth in his comment: what Musk is referencing is creating nuclear pulse generators over the poles that are similar to the Project Orion idea, but instead of using the pulses to create thrust, you’d reflect it to the surface to warm as much area as possible. The idea is to make mini-suns over the poles out in space so as not to contaminate the surface with radioactive fallout. Such an idea is possible with the resources and technology available today and would jumpstart the terraforming effort by centuries. But good fucking luck implementing it.

  86. jack lecou says

    It was 2/3 joke, 1/3 truth.

    I assume there’s also a reference buried in there to schemes like those in KSR’s Mars trilogy, where IIRC the colonists use underground detonations to help melt polar aquifers or somesuch. Not sure whether anything like that is still part of anyone’s serious terraforming playbook, but it’s not as if Musk is the first one to suggest something like this.

    And, yeah, maybe it’s a joke, maybe it’s an unworkable idea for other reasons, but one way or another this is obviously about a peaceful engineering use for nuclear technology, which is not even a little bit analogous to committing genocide on a densely inhabited planet with a biosphere. So it seems like a big non-sequitur to mention it in the OP. The “logic” of that barb is practically playground level: “Oh, you act as if you’re against nuclear war on Earth, yet you’d just loove to nuke Mars for entirely peaceful purposes. Which is it, smart guy? And if you love nukes so much, why don’t you marry one?”

    (Re: fallout — not sure it’s a big worry. On Mars I would think that’d just be part of a cost/benefit equation to balance rather than something to avoid at all costs. You’re already in a radically harsher radiation environment, and any population you have is going to be living in sealed, shielded habitats long into the foreseeable future. Even with dirty surface detonations, there’s very likely more than enough time for the contamination to decay and dissipate to safe levels before anyone is realistically going to be walking around out there unprotected. Thousands of years, probably. Dust-related cooling would be more worth worrying about in the short term.)

  87. markd555 says

    Total quote mining here.

    If you read the entire interview, Elon is talking about times that humanity has been been set back in technology, either wars or religious movements. He is making the point that progress needs to be made when we can progress, because later we may not be able to.

    What is he supposed to say? “God forbid that…” before every single sentence when talking about the possibility of natural disasters or war?

    So terrible that somebody is not working on the method to end all war… uh… what was it again?

    “So, maybe, we should be concerned about, oh, I don’t know, stopping it? Working to change all the conditions that are leading us to this horrible eventuality, like over population, religious fanaticism, economic inequities, climate change, ignorance, disease?”

    Gosh maybe somebody should work on making solar power effective and affordable and replace fossil fuel vehicles with electric ones to help the climate. Where can we find somebody to do that?

    I heard about this one guy…. oh wait he is evil because he wants WW3 because Mars. *facepalm*

  88. jack lecou says

    Also: seed banks? Evil. With a capital E.

    People who really cared about biodiversity and preservation of genetic heritage would be out there trying to end those threats forever out in the real world. Their real motive for making seed banks is their secret hatred of all agriculture and even photosynthesis itself. And there’s obviously no overlap between them and those working directly against those threats. Nosir.

    Besides, it’s only a handful of elite seeds from each species that are going to be stored in the bank. Not all of them. Totally immoral.

  89. Drolfe says

    He’s saying “if we want humanity to survive long-term, we need to expand to multiple planets”, not “rich people should flee from a dying planet”. I don’t think his point makes him a terrible human being. It simply makes him right.

    There’s no difference under libertarian capitalism. That’s pretty much his main jam.

  90. says

    There is absolutely no reason to gripe over why someone is doing the right thing, as far as I can tell, other than to try to consolidate ideological hegemony to construct a narrative; a narrative designed, not to persuade people away from their opinions and towards another, but rather to try to skew their line of reasoning at its very core, which could negatively affect their future decision making until they abandon said reasoning, thereby manipulating their worldview for years to come, if not longer. It’s disgusting and manipulative.

    Also, what the heck is up with the Christian boogeyman talk? I hate on Christians a lot, because its hilarious, and because the fundamentalists say a lot of idiotic things, but this isn’t even valid criticism on PZ’s part; its more like borderline bigoted fear-mongering. If you were to replace the Christians in his example, to a religion that feasibly could use nuclear weapons to enforce a theocracy, like Islam or Hinduism, PZ Myers would flip out and call you a racist, despite the fact that the latter two would be much more plausible in the current geopolitical order, mostly due to Pakistan and India’s contention over Kashmir, and the xenophobic attitudes that are rampant in both states, towards the other.

    Elon Musk is the best of humanity, he has done more with Tesla alone, to save humanity and to stop capitalistic exploitation of developing nations for non-renewable resources, than PZ Myers could EVER DREAM of doing by complaining on the internet. Stop being bitter that you didn’t have the merit to become one of the Four Horseman, and apologize to Elon.

    And you need to apologize to the memory of Carl Sagan too, because who the hell are you to mock a sincere and honest plea from him and Musk, to take to the stars to improve humanities chance for survival? You’re a terrible human being PZ.

  91. juhanieminen says

    PZ, you have completely lost it. I don’t know what kind of mental illness you have, but you are just sinking deeper and deeper into complete madness.
    You are the laughing stock of, well, everybody really. Atheists, creationists, everybody. And every new blog post of yours only makes it worse.

  92. says

    Easiest way to infuriate fanbois: criticize their heroes.

    I’ll just add that if, when your hero is asked to think about an existential crisis for humanity, such as environmental catastrophe or global war, their first solution is to run away, then they are a coward. And if the destination they intend to run away towards is even more inhospitable and dangerous, and requires far greater expense than to maintain and repair the situation here on Earth, then they are fucking stupid.

  93. says

    Stop being bitter that you didn’t have the merit to become one of the Four Horseman

    Ah. Sure sign that someone has been infected by the Slymepit. Sorry, guy, but if you were to actually read what I’ve written in the past you’d know I’ve disliked the idea of personifying an imaginary atheist ‘leadership’ as just 4 people, and over the years I’ve become increasingly convinced that it was a PR disaster.

    Not only could I not imagine ever being one of the “four horsemen”, but I would recoil in horror at the thought of it.

  94. says

    juhanieminen @112,
    Your attemped use of mental illness as an insult is offensive and gross.

    Professor Myers @113,

    when your hero is asked to think about an existential crisis for humanity…

    In the GQ interview you cited in the OP it says “Musk was asked about his ambitions to colonize Mars.” The question that seems to have prompted the response about a potential world war “I ask Musk how often he actually thinks about colonizing Mars. Every day? Every week?”

    Whereas your comment @113 seems to imply that Musk was asked about war (or some other existential crisis) and that he responded with his plans to colonize Mars as if it was some kind of a solution. That would indeed be problematic. However it doesn’t seem like that’s what was asked nor what Musk actually said.

    So are you referring to some other interview instead where he was asked about an existential crisis and he offered colonization of Mars as a solution or have we misunderstood your point? Otherwise with all respect it seems you may be mischaracterizing what question Musk was asked and therefore drawing an unfair conclusion based on his response. Any clarification you could provide on this point would be much appreciated.

  95. says

    juhanieminen @ 112:

    You are the laughing stock of, well, everybody really.

    I don’t consider PZ to be a laughingstock, so that alone negates your statement. Perhaps you could attempt an actual argument, preferably one grounded in reality (based on this planet, please).

  96. chaosmage says

    PZ Myers @113
    > Easiest way to infuriate fanbois: criticize their heroes.

    Correct. Trolling is easy. Trolling is also fun, and grows your audience. You’ve fired an excellent first shot in what could become a delightful flamewar that gets discussed on other sites. Musk is a juicy target for trolling, and one that hasn’t been exploited yet AFAIK. Well spotted!

    You might want to follow up on this article with more in the same vein. You have trolled so well that you have already gotten an enraged response at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgJMXAcrLNY that offers plenty of hooks for derision and scorn. You have demonstrated all the skills necessary to milk another couple of troll posts out of this, and since the internet reliably rewards flamewars, you’re sure to obtain many more rage clicks this way.

    And if you didn’t consider yourself a troll before – welcome to the horde! :-)

  97. myersisaproflol says

    Mr Musk is speaking on contingencies because he considers all potential issues to his goals. Mr Musk has been overcoming preeminent technical challenges and you criticise it as “tunnel vision.” Each of us has gifts and passions and Mr Musks’ do not lie in social work.

    You’re not exactly a people-person either are you, Mr Myers? And what have you done to prevent WW3? Your trolling reflects poorly on the University of Minnesota Morris.

    I enjoyed reading your students’ feedback on ratemyprofessor lol! “average”

  98. says

    Elon Musk. The greatest entrepreneur of our time, dedicating his life to making the world a better place. Doing 100 times more than PZ will ever do in his sorry little existence, but of course, he doesn’t have exactly the same opinions as PZ, so he is the spawn of Satan. Gotta love that logic.