So You Want To Talk About Multiple Personalities?

I’ve gotten a few requests over my blogging time to talk about multiple personality disorder. I’ve (half) jokingly told friends that this post would garner me a great deal of upset commenters but here it is. 

Important Note: My opinions on the scientific validity of this disorder DO NOT reflect any belief that identified ‘multiples’ or sufferers of DID aren’t suffering, don’t deserve to be treated, or should be in any way, shape or form ridiculed, belittled, or treated poorly. Full stop.

So, I totally spoiled it with the disclaimer, but here it goes.

I don’t think Dissociative Identity Disorder/Multiple Personality Disorder is scientifically valid as a diagnosis.

…and since this is a fairly prevalent feeling in the psych community, I’m less worried about the Internet is Forever ™ problem.

Sybil: a book, a movie, and a tale of really unethical psychology.

DID?

While there’s some reports of people exhibiting something like multiple personalities as early as the 17th century, but the diagnosis didn’t take off in popularity until the 20th century. It’s entry into pop culture is strongly linked to Sybil, a book about one (real) woman who appeared to have sixteen personalities. It was a popular book, run in newspapers, and cited as one of the main factors in the sudden upswing of DID/MPD diagnoses. Sybil and her therapist are no longer alive, but much  criticism surrounds it. (See below)

DID/MPD was called Hysterical Neurosis, Dissociative type in the second iteration of the DSM. By DSM III it was Multiple Personality Disorder, and DSM IV made both significant changes to the criteria and the name, creating Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID).  However, because of the prevalence of MPD in current literature/horror movies/culture, I’ll use DID/MPD.

In general, DID/MPD is characterized as having multiple distinct personalities or identities (this is the second required criteria for diagnosis). These are called ‘alters’. Usually, though not always, there’s a central personality that’s often treated as the “real” one. That identity is usually depressed or anxious.

 

So. Sybil.

Sybil is the pseudonym for Shirely Mason, the client of psychoanalyst Cornelia Wilbur.  Mason didn’t come to her therapist because she had DID/MPD–her presenting problems were anxiety and memory loss. Then, after seeing Wilbur, suddenly, BAM, she had sixteen personalities.

Do I sound suspicious? I am.

Though the client files are sealed, multiple analyses of the taped sessions have said that Wilbur herself encouraged Mason to develop alters…and offered her money for talking about her different personalities. How did those personalities appear? Wilbur, who gave many drugs to her clients (including some very highly addictive psychotropics), gave Mason sodium thiopental and heard her mention other identities under the drug’s influence.

Sketchy? Most definitely. If that wasn’t damning enough, Mason wrote later that she had made the alters up.

Relevant reading: Remnants: The Last Stand of the Satanic Ritual Abuse Movement.

Who gets diagnosed? Who is diagnosing?

Of course, Sybil/Shirely Mason being a the result of unethical practice doesn’t negate that multiple personalities could exist. So what else do we know?

Those with DID/MPD diagnoses are often reported as having severe trauma in childhood. Data on this isn’t actually very clear, because many of the psychologists to originally diagnose MPD/DID believed in repressed memories and used really unscientific techniques to ‘retrieve’ them (This was around the time of the satanic abuse cases). Current research doesn’t support the idea of this sort of trauma repression.

DID/MPD patients also score very highly in measures of ‘hypnotizabilty’–a specific measure of being suggestible…and anywhere between ‘many’ and ‘most’ practitioners who diagnose DID/MPD use hypnosis to determine if their clients have multiple personalities. Hypnosis: not a methodologically sound form of diagnosis.

And those practitioners? They’re a specific subset of  psychologists, and they appear to get a statistically improbable number of clients who turn out to have DID/MPD. Of course, this could be a result of skeptic practitioners under diagnosing, right? Absolutely.

However as many as 70% of those with MPD/DID diagnoses appear to have borderline personality disorder (BPD). That’s high enough to suggest something more than simple co-occurence, which has lead to suggestions that professionals are using the idea of multiple personalities to explain the impulsivity and rapid emotional changes of BPD. Further, when the diagnosis of schizophrenia was introduced, there was a sudden crossover from those with MPD/DID to schizophrenia. Is it possible that those who believe in the DID/MPD diagnosis are just more likely to categorize BPD or schizophrenia as multiple personalities?

Relevant Reading: Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Controversial Diagnosis

The North America Problem. Is this a cultural diagnosis?

North America has the highest rates of DID/MPD diagnoses in the world. It’s also the place where multiple personalities are most familiar to the population at large. While this doesn’t mean the diagnosis is invalid, it casts, shall we say…aspersions. Secondly, when DID/MPD became a popular diagnosis in the 80’s, we also saw a sudden increase in the average number of alters, from 2-3 to an average of approximately 15. Hmmm.

Memory crossover in alters.

We’ve learned a lot about memory in the years since MPD/DID gained traction.We know, for instance, that repeated exposure to neutral (or even nonsense) words will result in faster recognition of those words.

(This can be tested by giving participants a series of possible categories for nonsense words and letting them learn by trial-and-error which word matches which category. For instance, in Trial One, James may match word Njdhsuf to Category A. When the result is NO, he is unlikely to try Category A for word Njdhsuf in Trial Two. By Trial Three, he may know that word Njdhsuf goes with Category C. If he is retested a short time later, James will sort the familiar nonsense words into their correct categories at higher rate than random chance, even if he feels as though he is guessing.)

Those diagnosed with DID/MPD report distinct personalities and identities, almost always reporting autobiographical amnesia (alters report knowing nothing of other alters or of what was done when the client was in a different identity) between personalities, one. So in a test like the one described above or similar, you would expect to see that if James is one identity, when he became an alternate identity, he would show no memory of the nonsense words, and sort them into correct categories at rates that resembled random chance. That’s not been shown to happen*. (This study also showed that indirect measures of behavior and ERP–which could be grossly oversimplified as how your neurons fire–found recognition in one identity of neutral words learned in different identity.) This study tested emotionally loaded words and found the same.

Okay, so what about autobiographical information? Though patients may have a central organizing identity, most report their personalities know nothing of other personalities. Objective tests have utterly failed to validate this. Though I strongly encourage reading this entire study about autobiographical memory in those with MPD/DID, here’s some relevant sections  [bolding is mine]:

Consistent with previous studies, transfer between identities on the memory task occurred even for negative material, despite patients reporting amnesia for this material, learned in another identity state. Transfer across amnesic barriers in DID also occurs for conditioned emotional information. Testing DID participants, Huntjens et al. administered an evaluative conditioning procedure that confers a positive or negative connotation on neutral words. In a subsequent affective priming procedure, participants displayed transfer of this newly acquired emotional valence to the amnesic identity (i.e., transfer of emotional material between identities).

Our findings are consistent with the results of other studies involving objective laboratory tasks indicating intact inter-identity memory functioning in dissociative identity disorder. In most studies, researchers test memory within the same experimental session shortly after learning. In contrast, we tested memory after a 2-week delay, thus increasing the ecological validity of our study. However, the results do conflict with the reports of amnesia between identities, suggesting that the subjectively experienced absence of autobiographical knowledge about other identities is quite self-convincing.

These findings become particularly important in cases like these**.

So what about people who appear to be multiples***?

I don’t have a great answer to this. Right now, therapy for DID/MPD seems to focus on integration: bringing all facets together into a single identity. There’s some pushback from self-identified multiples on this idea, many of whom feel that they’re not sick or broken, and that therapy treats them as such. I don’t really disagree, if they feel that they’re coping well. Forcing someone into therapy rarely goes well, and except in instances of danger to self or others, I’m all about the hands-off approach.

In the long term? I think we need to remove Dissociative Identity Disorder from the DSM. Like other diagnoses (*cough* Transvestic Fetishism *cough*) it seems to be the theory of a small contingent of scientists with little support in the community. When this dies as a cultural meme, I believe we’ll see a similar decrease in diagnostic popularity and even symptomology.. (We’re also seeing a sharp decline in scientific interest.)

——–

A great deal of the links and understanding that were required for this blog would not have been possible without Ed Cara, who you can find on twitter and blogging at The Heresy Club.

*Upon reflection this isn’t quite accurate. A few case studies have suggested autobiographical amnesia. However, I’m going to go with the majority of evidence found in studies that used controls (and simulators–people pretending to have amnesia) and larger pools of participants.

**Though DID/MPD has been a staple of the horror genre and several sensational trials, please don’t make the mistake of thinking DID/MPD is linked to being violent.

***This seems to be the preferred term in my reading of multiples’ writings (another popular term is ‘systems’). I’ll take correction and change this if I’m wrong.

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So You Want To Talk About Multiple Personalities?
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23 thoughts on “So You Want To Talk About Multiple Personalities?

  1. 1

    Interesting points that you bring up. Have you read “Sybil Exposed?”

    As a Social Worker, I am not sure what I believe at this point about DID. I used to fully embrace it and accept it, but as I have learned more about it I have become a bit more skeptical about it. Thanks for your thoughts!

  2. 2

    The false accusations of childhood abuse that go hand in hand with a misdiagnosis of DID like a nuclear bomb going off in a family. Most individuals and families that suffer with this misdiagnosis suffer in silence and shame. The practitioners continue to diagnosis with little regard to the damage that they cause and without facing any consequences legally or ethically. We represent a group of individuals that have been harmed by one such practitioner named Mark Schwartz at a facility called the Castlewood Treatment Center. Currently there are four lawsuits against him and Castlewood. There are countless more without cause to sue because the statute of limitations is only 2 years and many do not come to their senses and recant before that time runs out. For many, our only hope is to tell our story in hopes of preventing others from falling victim to this heinous epidemic. Thank you for taking the time to shine some light on this difficult subject.

  3. 3

    Hi Kate.

    This is a fascinating subject. Thanks for writing about it. I’m wondering, if DID is no longer recognized as a real diagnosis by the majority of psychological workers, why do you think it continues to hang on through successive editions of the DSM? Does it persist due to a small but vocal minority, simple inertia…?

    Thanks again and keep up the good work

    1. 3.1

      I think it’s a twofold thing. One, there’s still a small but vocal minority. Two, the gap between editions of the DSM is very large. Many of the things we know about DID right now aren’t the things we knew when the last edition happened.

  4. 4

    I don’t really have much of an opinion either way on this particular dissociative disorder, I do wonder how valid the memory tests are for disproving it. I know that in amnesia, implicit memory is often still intact, while it’s explicit memory that is compromised. Perhaps in DID/MPD, implicit memory would still be intact throughout the different personalities, while it’s explicit memory that would be compromised?

    I wonder, though, what you think of the dissociative disorders as a whole, especially depersonalization disorder?

    1. 4.1

      You make a good point about the memory issue. However, Criteria B of the diagnosis says that the personalities must be entirely distinct (not fragments of each other). While I suppose I’d be willing to concede that “distinct” could mean transfer of implicit memories, the ways in which the diagnosis needs to be changed to reflect that are important.

  5. 5

    I thought I was going to be an upset commenter…

    But your objections all seem to be to the diagnosis proper and the supposed science that supposedly backs it up. I’ve read up on that, and you’re right – abusive and bad science and entirely sketchy. My experience is so unlike the diagnosis that it took me years to realize that it was supposed to be talking about me. (No amnesia, no abuse, fairly good mutual awareness, communication, and cooperation between identities.) Just keep in mind – continue to keep in mind, I should say, because it’s clear that you have – that just because science has studied something badly doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist (even if its most famous examples were fraudulent), just as debunking alchemy didn’t make chemistry not exist. It just means that most of what we know about it is likely to be wrong.

    Your terminology is fine, by the way. “Multiple” is generally used as you used it, to distinguish people like me/us from people with only one identity per brain (sometimes called “singlets”). “System” is used more to identify one particular group of, um, internally cohabiting folks rather than another, in a context where it’s already clear you’re talking about multiples. “Alter” is widely (though not universally) disliked, because it carries connotations of some really bad treatment models, but since you used it in the context of slamming those models I have no issue there.

    And THANK YOU for what you said about the sensational media treatments, ugh. That shit is horrible. “Violent” is only one of the stupid stereotypes it propagates.

  6. 6

    Seems to me like the combination of pop-culture and poor diagnosis unfairly stigmatizes coping mechanisms. Like…if I’m in distress and have few/no people that can help, I sort of…um…I guess ‘externalize’ my good sense as someone else in my head, and go on autopilot to converse with that and calm down somewhat. Unfortunately it often helps for me to actually, y’know, converse. Back and forth. Audibly. With myself, or at least with my own good sense. And it’s obviously not dissociative, because I know full well that I created these figures (and they know it too, which makes for fun conversation).

    And it really, really doesn’t help when I can’t have the verbal conversations I need, because there’s other people around and I might raise someone’s hackles by “talking to myself” =/

    1. 6.1

      It’s even more fun when only half the conversation is out loud. Answering questions – or laughing at jokes – that other people didn’t hear will really raise some eyebrows.

      1. Hey Robert, in case you see this, can you recommend multiple communities where one could get in touch with others? Most websites I’ve seen are pretty old and inactive – kind of supporting the idea that this is just a fad or something.

        1. We’re not active there anymore, but this Livejournal community is where we did our internet multiple socializing. It’s much more active than it looks – nearly all the posts are members-only, due to some trolling a while back. Membership is open to everyone, though psych professionals or students are asked to disclose that when they join.

  7. 7

    I wonder if the idea of “a personal relationship with God” (or Jesus or the Virgin Mary) is in some way related to this issue. Is the deity an incipient multiple personality?

    I also wonder how this relates to “theory of mind.” Humans, to function normally, must be able to have some idea of how other humans are acting and reacting. In some way, we have to recreate other people’s minds in our own. That normal process might be part of the multiple personality phenomenon.

    Just a couple of random thoughts I had, reading this.

  8. 9

    I find myself agreeing with Robert B (#5) on DID. I have almost developed a knee jerk reaction to people saying that Dissociative Identity Disorder doesn’t exist, but my problem is more along the lines of people saying DID/MPD doesn’t exist therefore there is nothing wrong with the people that have been diagnosed as such.

    I have no problems with the idea that there are misdiagnoses out there. Perhaps many people with the DID/MPD diagnosis don’t actually have DID/MPD. I can easily see how people could diagnoses with a disorder that is more culturally popular; but can that, along with the other explanations, explain all the people diagnosed with DID/MPD?

    Perhaps some people were just flat out mistaken as castlewood victims (#2) says. I see no reason to disagree with this. Perhaps some people suffer from other diagnosis like Borderline Personality Disorder BPD instead of DID/MPD. Perhaps some of them suffer from schizophrenia instead of DID/MPD. Yet after all these groups of people are subtracted from the DID/MPD group, isn’t there still people left?

    I can easily see how the popularity of the DID/MPD diagnosis could plummet, as it should if people are being misdiagnosed. I am more concerned about the people that would be left behind if psychiatrists and psychologists decide that this isn’t a valid diagnosis. Since the research doesn’t seem to eliminate the necessity for the DID/MPD diagnosis at this time, might there still be people that validly need the diagnosis and treatment offered by DID/MPD instead of one or more of the other diagnoses?

    1. 9.1

      I completely agree that it’s silly to say that people diagnosed with DID/MPD are perfectly fine. That runs counter to all available evidence.

      However.
      I’m not talking about misdiagnoses of DID/MPD. I’m talking about a diagnosis that’s handed out by only a few doctors, that grew out of belief in repressed memories and a lack of understanding about the brain, that is considered deeply unscientific by the majority of the psych community. Mainl, I disagree with your claim that the research doesn’t eliminate the necessity for the DID/MPD diagnosis. Besides, I’m hardly arguing for the removal of all the other Dissociative Disorders–just the idea of individual personalities in one brain.

      1. I think I understand, and I think I see where we begin to disagree on this. I have seen several individuals that have received the DID/MPD diagnosis. Each one was diagnosed by a different doctor working at different facilities. While I don’t know the case history of all of them, I am sure that at least some of them didn’t receive the hypnosis/repressed memory techniques that seem to be the target of so many people’s disagreement.

        I didn’t think I was making a claim that the research doesn’t eliminate the necessity for the DID/MPD diagnosis. I am not familiar with the latest research and I think it is at least possible that the DID/MPD diagnosis could be replaced with other, better diagnoses. What I wonder about is if, once everyone that can be removed from the DID/MPD group is removed from the DID/MPD group, would there still be patients left?

        It seems obvious to me that, given the spike in DID/MPD diagnoses, there was either a great leap forward in diagnosing people with DID/MPD or that there were plenty of mistakes made. Given the retreat of the diagnosis of DID/MPD, I would assume that latter was actually the case. Still, even if there was a surge of false diagnoses from a smattering of doctors, I don’t think that will adequately account for all the people currently diagnosed with DID/MPD.

  9. 10

    The fact that the commenters so far all have different names, writing styles and perspectives, leads me to the inevitable conclusion that they are all actually the same person.

  10. 11

    I wonder if different people aren’t using different meanings for the diagnosis of MPD?

    Certainly, the brain can product contrary impulses or voices; I always made the assumption (based on a childhood friend, admittedly) that what MPD was – aside from the obviously false cases – was a conflation of metaphorical masks used for interacting with the world with these conflicting desires and voices. Not that MPD ever was anything like phantom hand (although superficially similar).

    One of the reasons I find the arguments against it unpersuasive is because many require the same logic that denies that other rare combinations – or something not so rare like transsexualism – don’t exist because there’s more cases where it’s known about more. That just seems a bad piece of logic. And personally hurtful to those trying to deal with their own peculiarities.

  11. 12

    Okay, I feel a need to comment something, though honestly not quite sure what. I am a self-identified multiple, but not a MPD/DID patient. That is, I have multiple personalities, but not in the way that I would be officially classified as a MPD-person. I feel it’s not a disorder, but rather a way someone’s mind is organised. Never been abused, zero amnesia, quite a fluid co-consciousness. No depression, or at least nothing that lasts long enough to be depression, but occasional slips into anxiety that partly has to do with the feeling of not being the person/people who want to be in charge at the moment. Also, the personalities aren’t very starkly distinct from one another. I guess it makes sense, with the shared memories and consciousness.

    So, the problem isn’t the multiple personalities but the feeling of being out of control of switches. There is no desire to be unified into one and the idea that I should is quite offensive. I’ll mention that it started in early teens, and was sort of a choice in some way, to “branch” into several instead of continue to be one.

    I agree that the scientific evidence is sketchy, but the fact that something may not really exist *in a certain form* doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist in some other.

    I’m sorry if I appear twitchy, but the discourse around the subject (usually by other people than the “patients” themselves) tends to upset me. It sounds like either ” so you must have suffered from abuse? Are you potentially dangerous?” or “I don’t think it’s real and oh, so you don’t even meet the criteria, maybe you should stop pretending, you just want to feel special”.

  12. 13

    Seeing as this post was virtually a slickly produced commercial for my writing, I figured I should weigh in.

    Two things.

    One: The main (scientific) problem with DID/MPD to me is that so little of its foundations were/have ever been verified as true by others whose interests aren’t directly based on the condition existing as is. To this day, MPD experts like Richard Kluft and Bennett Braun are cited in DID-supportive (the few that are still conducted) research papers. These are doctors who were either stripped of their medical license or forced into million dollar settlements by former MPD patients who alleged gross ethical misconduct. I can’t imagine that happening in almost any other field of science without outrage. (Picture Andrew Wakefield getting a good citation in a policy paper on vaccines). When those not connected to the small DID community have looked at the assumptions of DID as endorsed by the people who diagnose it, they inevitably come up lacking. On top of this is the still-accepted connection of DID to ritual abuse by many in the DID community. Past conferences of the major body of DID experts, the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, still feature talks on ritualistic abuse cases. I wanna say, as far back as 2012.

    Two:Despite all this, it doesn’t mean DID is ‘fake’. People express distress in a multitude of ways, often unconsciously yet culturally informed. That some people can come to experience life through distinct personalities they also believe are amnesiac from one another is not a far stretch, especially when stories of a Sybil or a Tyler Durden exist in the popular imagination. But, and this is the big but, there is little evidence that people unconsciously repress early childhood memories of trauma (usually sexual) that later cause the formation of disparate personalities. We (probably) don’t work that way. There is plenty of evidence therapists have unethically fostered false memories and the belief of DID in their patients though. The trauma model of DID that exists now is not rooted in an ounce of science, and until that changes, it shouldn’t be treated as such.

  13. C
    14

    OK, as a multiple system, going to touch on some of your points here.
    1) We’ve never been hypnotized. Most of the multiples we know were not hypnotized.
    2) Repressed memories exist, and most of the information claiming to disprove their existence comes from people with a high interest in protecting abusers (i.e. FMSF which is run mostly by people who were accused of sexual abuse).
    3) Borderline personality disorder, like DID is also highly related to childhood trauma. So, no, it’s not a coincidence that most people with DID are also diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Also, many professionals (especially in psych wards) diagnose BPD in anyone who has a history of suicidal or self-harming behavior. Many people with DID end up in psych wards at least once, because we have high rates of suicide. Many people with DID are diagnosed as schizophrenic, actually, because psychiatrists may interpret internal voices as external, and also because, like with many mental illnesses, there is some overlap.
    4) Yes? There is literally memory crossover? Most multiples would be able to tell you that. And no, the DSM does not require no memory crossover, it requires distinct identities. Many people with DID can communicate at least somewhat with other people in their system. If someone told you the answer to a memory problem, would you suddenly be indistinguishable with that person, such that you and them are just literally one person? No, you’d still have separate identities. You’d still be separate people. Same for multiples. The whole “alters report knowing nothing of other alters or of what was done when the client was in a different identity” is not even true for most systems.
    5) Many multiples oppose integration because its NOT the only method, and it can be incredibly harmful to systems. It feels like the death of people in our system, to think of that. Communication between system members, healing from trauma, and other things are just as important goals, and for many systems those goals constitute end goals, rather than integration. It’s not about just staying suffering, for systems that are suffering.
    6) Look, you could have avoided this honestly pretty poorly researched article, with a lot of unfair logical leaps, if you had just talked to some systems before writing it.

  14. Dan
    15

    Are They Faking?

    Though still so many people are judging the existence of this strange human behaviour and assuming that these people could be faking, there are more than enough evidence to show that these people are not actually faking this. They have strange electrical activities in their brains whenever they switch personalities and this is not all, according to the following article,

    https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/can-people-have-multiple-personalities/

    “practitioners claim that alters can be identified by objective characteristics, including distinct handwriting, voice patterns, eyeglass prescriptions and allergies. Proponents of the idea of multiple personalities have also performed controlled studies of biological differences among alters, revealing that they may differ in respiration rate, brain-wave patterns and skin conductance, the last being an accepted measure of arousal.

    The Causes:

    http://www.minddisorders.com/Del-Fi/Dissociative-identity-disorder.html

    An innate ability to dissociate easily
    Repeated episodes of severe physical or sexual abuse in childhood
    Lack of a supportive or comforting person to counteract abusive relative(s)
    Influence of other relatives with dissociative symptoms or disorders
    In some cases one could observe that there are over 200 plus personalities in 20th century, however, prior to 17th century we could observe only a double consciousness (showing two personalties) in MPD cases. In almost all cases scientist tend to believe that child abuse or trauma are the cause of MPD or dissociation, however, we must ask this question from ourselves, whether horrific child abuses or traumatic events never took place in the history? By referring to Bible we could understand the massive wars we had way back in the past, therefore, people (including children) must have gone through horrific traumatic events because of these bloody wars that we had throughout the history. People and children must have suffered in the most horrific way without having proper medication and surgeries. Therefore, why we don’t observe at least 5, 6 personalities in human beings prior to 17th century or even in ancient times? Therefore, a logical thinker will simply reject this explanation made by the scientists. It’s impossible for mind to split in such a way or the brain to create fragmented memories to show a huge number of unique, different personalities in human beings. This has never happened in ancient times and it has no logic in it. A logical thinker will understand that there must be an alternate answer for this and have an open mind to seek for the truth. As per the following article, death was at the centre of life in middle ages, therefore, why we failed to observe a high number of different personalities just like what we observe today?

    “Death was at the centre of life in the Middle Ages in a way that might seem shocking to us today. With high rates of infant mortality, disease, famine, the constant presence of war, and the inability of medicine to deal with common injuries, death was a brutal part of most people’s everyday experience” – http://brewminate.com/death-and-the-afterlife-how-death-affected-the-living-in-the-middle-ages/

    Some of you might also think that perhaps MPD/DID cases were not recorded back then. This assumption again is not logical cause cases like glass delusion and dancing mania are well recorded abnormal human experiences that has been recorded since 11th century,

    Dancing mania – One of the most mysterious phenomenon which people experienced – This is again due to this technology. According to these cases, what we can say is that there were abnormal precise electrical activities in motor areas which correspond to the dance. It wasn’t a genuine mental illness as we have been thinking.

    Glass Delusion – Another well recorded mysterious delusion

    The First Double Consciousness or An Altered Mind State Showing Attributes of A Human (Mind) Personality Appeared in 1649:

    First human like double consciousness or two different mind states, both showing human like attributes appeared in 1649 according to certain records, prior to this, demonic possessions, spirits were showing a double consciousness, a mental state of a normal human being(when they have their normal life) and a mental state showing attributes of a conceptual being that we call as demons(when they possessed). Careful observation and analysis will give us an insight into understanding the difference between human like double consciousness that we see in MPD(multiple personality disorder) cases and double consciousness that we see in spirits and demons. The question is, why we suddenly started seeing a person showing two completely different personalities and both personalities showing attributes of a human mind(not like the conceptual demonic personality or mind) in the 16th century? On top of this, people Never Observed a phenomenon called switching personalities prior to 16th century.

    “Though we see double conscious cases or sometimes 200+ consciousness’s in people with MPD, the true consciousness has always been in an unconsciousness mind state and satellite based non-invasive brain stimulation is the cause of these strange human behaviours, these different personalities are only due to different artificial personalities taking control of our body thus giving us a false idea that a fragmented personality is taking control of our body or concepts such as dissociation to avoid experiencing painful experiences. Further, experiences of these alters will be recorded in highly sophisticated computers only. Humans have managed to replace human consciousness with an artificial consciousness and use satellites to stimulate our brain and control human body by putting human consciousness into an unconscious state of mind. Therefore, true person is stuck in a human body whilst the stimulation is taking place or while an alter is under the control of human body. This is why we see symptoms of dissociation and traumatic events are not the cause of this”

    What Can We Observe In Multiple Personality Disorder (or DID):

    1). Today we see that this altered state of mind reflect a personality of a human being, this could be a child, male or female or any gender (some cases we see animal personalities too) with a set of unique characteristics or abilities. However, this was not there in the past prior to 16th century, where an altered personality showing complex human like attributes that is also able to switch or suddenly change to a totally different personality and then living a life with this new personality for such a long period of time in this altered state of mind. Though in the bible we could see cases such as below, this is not the multiple personality that we see today and understanding the difference between these two is crucial to understand the truth of this technological crime.

    1 Samuel 19:24:

    “Saul had followed the messengers to Naioth. ‘And he also stripped off his clothes and he also prophesied before Samuel, and lay down naked all that day and all that night …”

    What we observe today is an advanced condition with complex human like behaviours, switching back and forth between personalities and stay a long period of time (months and years) once they switch a personality, this is not what we can observe prior to 16th century. When we carefully analyse the history prior to 16th century or ancient times, what we can observe is that, demonic possessions, spirits, sleepwalking (somnambulism), witchcraft, exorcism etc., are showing an altered state of mind, however, this is quite different to today’s multiple personality disorder (or DID). If we think in terms of dissociation, today’s dissociation that we see is highly complex than to ancient times. We can consider these cases as double conscious cases, however, the first human like double consciousness appeared in 1649, which was mentioned by Paracelsus. Though demonic possessions and MPD cases, showing an altered state of mind there’s a huge difference between these two altered mind states.

    What Can We Find by Analysing These Two Cases?

    A Case Study:

    http://www.gjpsy.uni-goettingen.de/gjp-article-gupta-a-multiple.pdf

    “A 14 years old girl presented at our institute with complaint of ‘behaving like a male’ for past 2 weeks. She was identifying herself as Mr. S. and dressed herself like a male. She was not recognizing her neighbours, relatives, teachers anymore and her belongings as well. She was not able to recount her personal information too. Her mother also reported a significant and contrasting change in her behaviour, like she had become stubborn, confident, outgoing and demanding during this period in contrast to her earlier behaviour. She developed interest in drawing and painting, would demand different types of fast food items, dresses, and articles in the altered state. Her mother fearing worsening of her illness readily fulfilled these demands. Patient had stopped going to school and would stay at home all day long”

    “The truth is, this altered behaviour is due to a non-invasive brain stimulation through satellites, a secret technology that we never knew. This girl’s true mind is in an unconscious mind state”

    Let’s try to understand the characteristics of this altered personality, who is known as Mr. S,

    1). A male personality

    2). Stubborn

    3). Confident

    4). Outgoing

    5). Demanding

    These are just few attributes that define the personality of Mr. S. Now if we try to understand the attributes that define personalities of human beings, we see complex attributes, which we cannot find in demonic possessions. Let’s list down some of the other personality traits that we can observe in human beings that define us. Following is a good list of personality traits that we can find in MIT site,

    http://ideonomy.mit.edu/essays/traits.html

    1). Courages

    2). Cultured

    3). Disciplined

    4). Fun-Loving

    5). Hard working

    6). Leaderly

    7). Organized

    8). Passionate

    9). Patient

    10). Realistic

    11). Sociable

    12). Familia

    13). Mannered

    14). Money-minded

    Today we could find personalities that reflect these complex human behaviours in (MPD) alters. However, following are some of the observations made by me,

    1). In ancient times, we have never seen an altered state of mind or an additional personality in a person, where the behaviour of this new personality showing human like characteristics or attributes that are similar to the above list.

    2). In ancient times, we have never seen cases where people without a control switching personalities back and forth such as in MPD cases and showing two different mind states with human like characteristics. A conceptual demon could posses a person again and again, however, here we are referring to a human like mind state or characteristics only, which is totally different compare to a conceptual demon. This conceptual demon’s personality is totally different to a normal human personality, therefore, what we see today is a totally different type of dissociation.

    3). Since we haven’t seen an altered state of mind with a human like personality, people never claim that voices are having discussions in their heads and then sometimes they take control of their body.

    “Which means, our mind has never split or fragmented in ancient times in the way some scientists are thinking of MPD (DID) cases, as you can see these are some of the primary symptoms of identifying MPD cases, however we have never seen these symptoms in ancient times or in other words, we have never seen people changing their personalities or any kind of back and forth switching in this way and living a long period of time with a new personality.”

    An Evolution – From a Mind State Showing Attributes of a Conceptual Demonic Personality to a Human Personality.

    Therefore, what we see here is an evolution, an evolution from a simple personality, such as a demonic personality, to a complex personality such as a personality of a human being, which is capable of changing or switching and then living with that altered state of mind by showing human like characteristics or attributes for a long period of time. The attributes, which define these two mind states are totally different. When we analyse the mind state of a MPD case today, we can observe complex characteristics or attributes that is similar to a mind state of a human being, however, these complex attributes are not visible in a demonic mind state. In other words we could say that while a conceptual demonic mind state showing primitive behaviours, an altered personality in MPD cases are capable of showing complex behaviours. Therefore, the double consciousness that we saw in ancient times, started changing in a much more sophisticated way and started showing different complex attributes somewhere during the period of 12th to 17th century. This is why we take Paracelsus case as the first MPD(DID) case as it was showing characteristics of a human like mind state. Therefore, one must understand that this is a evolution of a software only. In the very start, an AI (artificial intelligence) being developed to replace human consciousness that is also capable of stimulating our brains to show some primitive behaviours by controlling our body, this is what demonic possession is and then later stages they have achieved such an advancement where they were able to show complex human behaviours by stimulating human brains. These AI’s (artificial intelligent) are being programmed to put human mind into an unconscious state of mind and to use our body to reflect the artificial personality or mapped personality. AI does a real-time scanning of the victim’s brain to decode (this is including the electrical activities which arise through our 5 senses) the electrical activities of the brain and use this information to interact with the environment. Just like a driverless car, a car, instead of a conscious human being making decisions, a software use it’s sensors to make decisions and to manoeuvre the car. Similarly, in MPD cases or demonic possessions, human mind has been replaced by a sophisticated software (an artificial personality) and it stimulate our brain (through satellites) to manoeuvre our body, to reflect it’s personality through us and to interact with the environment while the mind of the real person still living in an unconscious state of mind in the body. This is an unimaginably advanced technology, hard to comprehend for a normal person since we are not exposed to such advanced technologies. Having said that one would understand this with lots of research into this area. All the memories with regard to these altered personalities are stored in sophisticated computers only. This is why the main personality or the victim showing gaps in their memory. Since they have never consciously observed the world or interacted. We can see this missing times in alien abduction cases too. Cause they go under the same process when they get abducted. Abduction cases are real. They are not faking.

    “When our technology becomes more and more advanced, we should be able to find sophisticated ways of scanning our brains and also we should be able to find sophisticated methods to stimulate our brains. Such scanners could be used to understand every electrical activity of our brains, which can be used to decode a personality of a human being. This decoded personality could be mapped to another person by putting the victim to an unconscious state of mind and then stimulating the victims brain with sophisticated brain stimulation methods. This way, we will be able to map any number of personalities to a person”

    Evidence for this claim could be found here. Due to our ignorance only we think of an abnormal splitting of our mind.

    ” While admitting that the number of identities might range from two to more than 100, the manual noted that half of all cases involve individuals with 10 or fewer alternate identities. Yet, reports of patients with hundreds of separate alter personalities became routine. For example, Dr. Richard P. Kluft, a psychiatrist specializing in the treatment of MPD at the University of Pennsylvania, reported in a 1988 paper that one of his patients had over 4000 “alters”. – http://www.huffingtonpost.com/scott-mendelson-md/the-primary-causes-of-mul_b_812919.html

    The question is, why we didn’t see such cases or at least 10 alters in ancient times while today in some cases we see 4000 alters? Humans will have to start thinking out of the box to understand this crime. Human beings are suffering due to this hidden technology but sadly we are neglecting to at least see the possibility of such a technology behind these cases.

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